^6 27 



29 



33 



34 



35 



36 



30 31 32 

 SALINITY"/.. 

 FIGURE 20. Temperature/Salinity Diagram for a Selected Line of Stations 

 (Cross Section V-V, see Figure A-1) 



west. These figures also show three small vortices xi/hich coininonly 

 form when friction arises from overlying and underlying strata moving 

 in different directions (Nansen, 1902). These vortices facilitate 

 mixing of water masses. 



Isohalines at 25 meters (Fig. 24) turn northward, corresponding 

 to a similar pattern of isohalines at shallower depths. These high 

 salinity values indicate that appreciable flow into the ICara Sea is 

 from the Barents Sea. At 50 meters (Fig. 25) and at 100 meters 

 (Fig. 26), the 34.5 %o isohaline also shows that high salinity water 

 enters the Kara Sea from the west, moves past the tip of Novaya Zemlya, 

 and then turns northward. 



3. Inflow from the Arctic Ocean . Atlantic Water enters the Kara 

 Sea from the Arctic Ocean via the Svyataya Anna and Voronin Troughs 

 with the major flov? passing through the deeper Svyataya Anna Trough. 

 Five cross sections, 0-0', P-P', Q-Q', R-R', and S-S ' (Figs. A-16 

 through A-20) show the penetration of Atlantic Water into the Kara 

 Sea via the two troughs. The O'C isotherm shows that Atlantic Water 

 fills most of the Svyataya Anna Tifough but does not fill the Voronin 

 Trough, despite the trough's sufficient depth. The salinity, and 

 therefore density, is essentially the same in both troughs. However, 

 the Voronin Trough does not appear to receive as much Atlantic Water 

 because either there exists some peculiar circulation patterns or 



34 



