or enter the Kara Sea from adjacent areas. These water masses are 

 seen on T-S diagrams (Fig. 8). The near vertical sigma-t lines on 

 these T-S diagrams demonstrate that density of most Kara Sea waters 

 is controlled principally by salinity. 



T^ 



T 



CONTINENTAL- 

 RUNOFF 



(INDICATED DEPTHS ARE IN METERS) | ( ^oo 



I ATLANTIC WATERf 



29 30 31 

 SALINITY %« 



FIGURES. Temperature-Salinit/ Curvet for Selected Stations 



The six water masses are as follows: 



a Continental Runoff . Relatively warm, fresh water that 

 originates from the Ob and Yenisey Rivers. This water was found 

 at station 36 from the surface to 10 meters. 



b. Atlantic Water . Relatively warm, saline water entering 

 the Kara Sea through: 



(1) The Barents Sea between Novaya Zemlya and Franz 

 Josef Land. This water was observed at stations 53 and 156 and had 

 a temperature of approximately O^C and a salinity of 34 %o at depths 

 of 15 and 18 meters, respectively. 



(2) The two deep trenches between Franz Josef Land and 

 Sevemaya Zemlya. This water has a temperature of approximately 



l^C and a salinity of 34.8 %o and was observed at a depth of 200 meters 

 at station 114 and at 181 meters at station 156. 



(3) The straits in the lower Kara Sea. A minor inflow 

 of a less saline, colder Atlantic Water. (This water was noted by 



II 



