separate reports. Two deep current stations were occupied, and five 

 shallow water areas were surveyed bathymetrically. 



E. Observational and Analytical Techniques. 



Serial-depth observations were made from the surface to the bottom 

 at all stations with a single cast of 13 or 14 Hansen bottles until 

 loss of a cast at station 143 necessitated a second cast at some 

 stations. The tin-lined Nansen bottles carried two and sometimes 

 three protected reversing thermometers. At depths in excess of 200 

 meters, tv7o protected thermometers and one unprotected thermometer 

 were used. Due to the shallow water and the close proximity of ice, 

 the wire angle of the Nansen cast usually was less than 5 degrees. 

 On the shallow stations where an appreciable wire angle was encountered, 

 depth calculations were made by multiplying the cosine of the wire 

 angle by the wire out. Thermometers were allowed at least 6 minutes 

 to come to equilibrium before reversal. A check was kept of thermometer 

 performance, and when paired thermometers consistently failed to 

 agree by at least 0.02°C, one thermometer of the pair was interchanged 

 with a thermometer of another pair. This interchanging allowed determina- 

 tions of thermometer accuracy. Approximately 88 percent of the paired 

 thermometer readings agreed to within 0.02°C. Table I groups the 

 temperature differences betv;een paired thermometers and gives the 

 number of readings in each group. 



TABLE I. Thermometer Performance 



0.00-0.02''C 0.03-0.04°C One Thermometer Greater than 0.04''C 



Accepted or a Malfunction 

 3,092 168 200 62 



Water samples were draT^n and examined for dissolved oxygen and 

 nitrogen content using a modified Fisher Gas Partitioner (Photo 4) 

 equipped with an integrating recorder (Sullivan, 1963). 



A Beclonan Model 76 expanded scale pH meter was used for pH determina- 

 tions . 



Salinity samples were analyzed aboard ship using induction-type 

 salinometers. Difficulties x<?ere encountered with the salinometers, 

 and as a check, salinity samples collected after station 57 were 

 returned to NAVOCEANO for a second analysis. This check did not 

 produce the anticipated precision, and the best claim for this cruise 

 is +0.10 %o. However, with the marked variations of salinity X'^ith 

 depth due to the large amounts of runoff from the Ob and Yenisey 

 Rivers, the salinity problems have not materially affected the results 

 of the survey. 



