PHTTOMETRTNiE. 401 



Subfamily PHYTOMETRIN^E. 



Proboscis fully developed except in lEpisema ; palpi usually up- 

 turned, sometimes with tufts of hair on 2nd and 3rd joints, in 

 JSpisema porrect ; frons smooth, usimlly Avith large tuft of hair ; 

 eyes smooth, overhung by more or less developed cilia, sometimes 

 small and elliptical ; antennae of male usually ciliated, rarely bipec- 

 tinate, or serrate ; thorax clothed with scales and hair mixed or 

 with hair only, the meso- and metathorax usually with large 

 divided crest ; tibiae sometimes with large tufts of hair and the 1st 

 joint of tarsus sometimes with tuft of hair, the tibiae typically not 

 spined but in some genera all the tibiae or the hind tibiae only are 

 spined; abdomen usually with dorsal crests on basal segments, 

 those on 1st and 3rd segments large, sometim.es with ridges of hair 

 on basal segments, the males sometimes with large protrusible 

 lateral tufts towards extremity or base, the species with this cha- 

 racter having visually a comb of long spines on inner side of 1st joint 

 of hind tarsi, apparently to assist in the protrusion of the tufts 

 which are probablj^ scent organs for attracting the females. Fore 



Fig. 102. — Larva of Phytometra gamvia. \. 



Aving usually triangular Avith the apex someAvhat produced, the 

 termen usually evenly curved, but sometimes excised beloAV apex 

 and excurved at middle, the tornus usually with more or less deve- 

 loped scale-tooth, the inner margin sometimes excised towards 

 tornus ; in Ahrostola and Mouralia there are small tufts of raised 

 scales on upperside in and- below the cell ; vein 1 a weak, not anas- 

 tomosing with 1 & ; 1 c absent ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of 

 cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing Avith 8 to form 

 the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 1 a and h present ; 

 1 c absent ; the cell about half the length of wing ; veins 3 and 4 

 from angle ; 5 fully developed from above angle ; 6, 7 from upper 

 angle ; 8 anastomosing Avith the cell near base only. 



The Phytometrince form a small, well characterised and very 

 natm'al subfamily except perhaps the genus Ejpisema which is 

 somewhat aberrant. 



The Larvce are typically semiloopers Avith the 1st tAVO pairs of 

 abdominal prolegs absent or in Ahrostola small and non-functional, 

 but JSjiisema has larvae Avith all the larolegs fully developed and not 

 semiloopers. 



VOL. XIII. 2 D 



