Reviews — Devonshire Association. 79 



abundance of flint-shingle in the bed of the sea around Lundy 

 Island, and in a bank off the Dodman Point, in Cornwall. He con- 

 cludes by asking, " Is it too much to hope that ere long it will be a 

 part of the duty of the officers of the Geological Survey of Great 

 Britain to survey and map the bottom of the British Seas and 

 Channels?" 



2. The Ash Hole and Bench Bone-caverns at Brixham, South Devon. 

 By W. Pengelly, F.R.S., F.G.S. 



In this paper Mr. Pengelly has collected all the information that 

 has been published respecting these caverns. The Ash Hole Cavern, 

 which was partially explored about thirty years ago by the Eev. 

 H. F. Lyte, is referred to by Prof. Owen,^ under the name of the 

 " Berry Head Cavern," and he mentions the occurrence in it of 

 remains of the badger, polecat, stoat, watervole, rabbit, and rein- 

 deer. The Bench Cavern was discovered in 1861 ; it has yielded 

 remains of Hycena speloea, Canis lupus, G. vulpes, and C. isatis, etc. 



3. The Literature of the Caverns near Yealmpton, South Devon. 

 By W. Pengelly, F.E.S., F.G.S. 



The only descriptions of these caves appear to be those given, 

 between the years 1835 and 1839, by Mr. J. C. Bellamy and the late 

 Colonel Mudge, and the present communication by Mr. Pengelly 

 consists in the main of a transcription of the papers by these 

 gentlemen in chronological order. 



4. Crustacea Podophthalmata, and the Histology of their Shells. 

 By Edward Parfitt. 



The Stalk-eyed Crustacea (or Podothalmata, as they are acci- 

 dentally misspelt throughout this paper) possess considerable interest 

 to the geologist, from the distant period to which they date back, — 

 a shrimp-like form appearing as early as the Carboniferous period. 

 In the seas surrounding the British Isles there are found no less than 

 110 species belonging to this group, and of this number 70 species 

 inhabit the coasts of Devonshire. 



The paper is illustrated with a plate showing the microscopical 

 structure of the Crustacean shells, to give an account of which is 

 the author's principal object. He moreover furnishes a valuable 

 catalogue of the Stalk-eyed Crustacea of Devonshire, accompanied 

 by notes on their habitats, etc. 



5. Fossil Sponge Spicules in the Greensand of Haldon and BlacTc- 

 doion. By Edward Parfitt. 



Mr. Parfitt describes a number of forms of sponge spicules, 

 figured in a plate, which he identifies with genera of sponges now 

 living, and having a wide geographical distribution. 



Sponges must have been A'-ery abundant during the deposition of 

 the cherty deposits called greensand on Haldon and Blackdown. 

 Bands of spicula, varying in thickness from a foot to a mere trace, 

 are mentioned by the author as occurring in these beds, and the 

 erosive action, to which attention has been called by Dr. Bowerbank, 

 is very conspicuous on many of the spicula. Their surfaces appear 



1 British Fossil Mammals and Birds. 



