O. -H. Kinahan — On Metamorphic Rocks. 263 



Modiolaria Petagnce, Limopsis aurita, and pygmcea, Chama gry- 

 pJiceoides, Astarte incrassata, Isocardia cor. CytJierea or Venus cMone, 

 Lucinopsis LajonTcairii, Tapes texturata, and Mactra glauca, have a 

 much more southern aspect than does the upper horizon, the cha- 

 racteristic bivalves of which are Cardium Groenlandicum, Leda 

 ( Yoldia) Jiyperhorea and L. Myalii, and Acila Lyallii. 



The difference is perhaps more particularly apparent in the uni- 

 valves, thus Gancellaria and Pyrula, Nassa prismatica, and N. 

 elegans, Desmoidea conglobata, Defrancia histrix, Pleurotonia Ber- 

 trandi, P. laevigata and P. carinata, Mitra ehenus, Ovida spelta, 

 Odostomia suturalis, Vermetus triquetra, V. glomeratiis, and Dentalium 

 rectum, are decidedly Mediterranean forms ; whilst Fusus Largillierti, 

 F. Turtoni, Pleurotoma bicarinata, Columbella avara, Amaura Can- 

 dida, Natica borealis, and the large variety of N. affinis, N. occlusa, 

 are equally northern. 



Having noticed the MoUusca, a few words in reference to the 

 Echinoderms and Corals will not be out of place before bringing our 

 paper to a close. Of the twelve species of Eadiata known by us in 

 both divisions of the Eed Crag, two only can be recognized as 

 common to each, a Spatangus, and Echinocyamus. Out of the five 

 Corals two are common to the Lower and Upper Eed Crags, these 

 are Balanophyllia calyculus, and a Sphenotrochus, 



The areas which we have considered as indicating the deeper seas 

 are those in which this Ccelenterate fauna abounds, Balanophyllia 

 attaining to exceedingly large dimensions. Flabellum Woodii also 

 obtains here, but in all our specimens we notice that the Coral is 

 much smaller and stonier in composition than in those from the 

 Lower Crag ; they are also free at the base, but this and the separa- 

 tion of the laminae forming the septa appear to be the result of age. 

 At present Dr. Duncan considers them to be the same species. 

 Perhaps the most interesting Coral in our list is Solenastrcea Prest- 

 wichii, Dune, a new species (essentially a reef-building one). 



In a further paper we hope to amplify our remarks, and as the 

 lists of Fossils will shortly be published by the Geologists' Associa- 

 tion, we meanwhile beg criticism upon them, and information that 

 may bear on the subject of the English Crags. 



V. — Metamorphic Eocks of Scotland and Galwat. 

 By G. H. Kinahan, M.R.I.A., F.R.G.S.I. 

 (With a Page-Plate VII.) 



IT appears evident from the history of the metamorphic, granitoid, 

 and granitic rocks of Scotland, written exactly half a century ago 

 by MacCuUoch,^ that those rocks are very similar to rocks of the same 

 classes in West Galway, Ireland. This acute observer evidently 

 examined the Scotch rocks most minutely, as the groups, sub-groups, 

 and varieties of his " primary rocks" are carefully classed and de- 



^ A Geological Classification of Eocks, etc., by John MacCulloch, M.D., P.E.S., 

 etc. a.d. 1821. 



