Alfred Bell — On the Butley Crag-pits. 



451 



(No. 1). Below this are reddish sands passing downwards into 

 yellow (2), then into red again (3), and, lastly, a vein of fine white 

 sand (4), the latter extending rather more than half way across the 

 pit. At * a large mass of brownish clay, full of casts of the com- 

 mon mussel, and well-preserved Trochi {T. cinerarius), was to be 

 seen. The remains of this fell down a few days ago while I was 

 there, presenting to view the red sand above mentioned. These 

 sands, etc., are about 18 to 20 feet thick, and are nearly, except where 

 in contact with the Crag, totally devoid of organic remains. Finely 

 comminuted shells occur at the lines of junction. 



Below these sands are the Crag beds, the two main portions (5 and 

 6) being separated by a singular deposit of sand (7), the upper side 

 of the angle of the sandy division becoming slightly fossiliferous and 

 false bedded. The beds (5 and 6) themselves are composed of nearly 

 horizontal layers of shells, with intercalated beds of sand. A series 

 of layers of fine sand and shells, having a rapid dip, being the lowest 

 deposit seen. Unfortunately, the Crag beds are largely covered by a 

 talus of fallen sand. 



Section of Pit on the Neutral Farm, Butlet, Suffolk. 



1. Black sand with rounded water- worn stones. 



2. Red sands passing gradually down into 



3. Yellow sands. 



4. Pure white sand. 



5. Red Crag, full of shells. 



6. Red Crag, also full of shells. 



7. Unfossiliferous sand, partly false-bedded at the top, separating 5 and 6. 



8. Line of Freshwater shells. 



9. Red Ci'ag, with shells. 



t,t,t = talus, cut off artificially at the line a, &, to the right of which the lower part 

 of the section is exposed. 



The cross section gives traces of considerable erosion, bed 6 being 

 worn away several feet (behind the talus), and then suddenly rising 

 to a height of 17 or 18 feet above the level of the lowest Crag exposed 

 on the floor of the pit, and then sinking till it is not more than 5 feet 

 in thickness. The summit of this pinnacle is composed of horizontal 

 layers of finely comminuted shells, with a few perfect valves, double 

 and single, of Mactra ovalis. 



Mr. Taylor remarks upon the absence of the Eed Crag shells and 

 the thorough Chillesford facies of the Upper deposits. I am not 

 aware that in any deposit hitherto assigned to the Chillesford pre- 

 Glacial stage, any of the following species, which are strikingly Eed 

 Crag forms, have been found : Cardium venustum, C interruptum and 

 C. angustatum, Nucida Imvigaia, Gastrana laminosa, Cancellaria scala- 

 roides, Cyj^raa avellana, or Ovula spelta. These are but a few amongst 



