Prof. R. H. Traquair — Oji a neiv Carboniferous Fish. 531 



angle of the corresponding parietal, is another pretty lai'ge bony- 

 piece (squamosal ?). Between the latter and the external margin of 

 the buckler is a row of smaller plates, of which three are evident 

 enough ; but in no specimen I have seen, can the arrangement of the 

 plates in front of those described be definitely made out, nor can I 

 settle the question as to the position of the nasal openings. I have 

 seen no hyomandibular ; but in two specimens, one in St. Andrews, 

 the other in the British Museum, a stout palcUo-pterygoid may be seen 

 to extend from near the articular extremity of the lower jaw forwards 

 towards the snout : posteriorly, the surface of this bony lamina slopes 

 upwards and inwards, but in front it becomes nearly horizontal, and 

 there it is seen to be armed on its oral surface with numerous conical 

 teeth. The form of the maxillary and premaxillary bones is not 

 determinable, but the upper margin of the mouth was evidently 

 bordered by dentigerous bones, the teeth being as described by 

 Professor Huxley, in one row, short, conical, and pointed. The 

 lower jaw is stout, composed evidently of several pieces, and close 

 to the symphysis the ramus makes a pretty sharp bend horizontally 

 inwards to meet its fellow. It is armed also with pointed teeth, 

 an especially large one being seen at the symphj^seal angle referred 

 to. The opei-culum is very large, rounded posteriorly and inferiorly, 

 but with nearly straight superior and anterior margins ; below it over- 

 laps an antero-posteriorly elongated, somewhat ovate suhoperculum, 

 not before noticed.. There is no trace of any preoperculum. The orbit 

 seems to have been situated rather far back ; a curved bony plate is 

 seen on the cheek, separating it from the operculum, and bounding 

 it below and behind. Eegarding the under surface of the head, I 

 have nothing to add to Professor Huxley's description, not having 

 seen any better specimen than that in the British Museum, to which 

 he refers, and which certainly shows that the space between the 

 rami of the lower jaw was occupied by bony plates, whatever their 

 number might have been. Of the bones of the shoulder-girdle I 

 have only seen two, viz., a well-marked clavicle, and at least one 

 supra-clavicular proceeding from it towards the occipital region of the 

 skull. 



Phaneropleuron Anclersoni (Huxley), towards the knowledge of 

 whose structure I have contributed the above unfortunately only too 

 imperfect notes, was hitherto the only species of the genus described, 

 and the genus was known only from the Devonian beds of Dura Den. 

 Some time ago, however, while looking through the Carboniferous 

 fishes in the collection of the late Mr. Hugh Miller, my attention 

 w^as directed by Mr. C. W. Peach, who was with me on that occasion, 

 to certain un-named specimens,' which he had already recognized as 

 belonging to the genus in question, and which now gave undoubted 

 evidence of its continuation ujjwards into, at least, the lower portion 

 of the Carboniferous series. No locality was affixed to those fossils, 

 but the stone in which they are imbedded is so identical in mineral 

 character with the well-known Lower Carboniferous Limestone 

 of Burdiehouse, near Edinburgh, that there can be no doubt but 

 that they were derived from that locality. Moreover, I think that 



