﻿in both 

 Coal-fields. 



{■ 



114 Br. Feistmantel — Bohemian Coal Fauna and Passage-Beds. 



The lower Coal-seam districts in both basins are characterized by 

 a truly Carboniferous Flora only. 



While this Flora still grew in abundance in the Pilsen basin, the 

 first Permian animals appeared there at a time when the upper 

 Coal-seam of Niirschan began to be deposited. 



From this point the animals continiied in the district of Kladno- 

 Rakonitz upper Coal-seam, until the end of its deposition, while 

 the Carboniferous Flora still existed, but was already dying out. 



After this time the Carboniferous Flora rapidly died out, and was 

 replaced by Permian forms, which, with the associated Permian 

 animals, lived together as we find them in the northern part of 

 Kladno-Eakonitz Coal-field, and especially in the north-east of the 

 Bohemia, but which already began so in the Pilsen basin. 



We have therefore an eastward and northward development of 

 Permian animals and plants. 



A general view may illustrate the relations : — 



/ la Red Sandstones with Araucariles, Permian Flora, etc. 

 I I b Spherosiderites near Ledec and ZUow, Pilsen basin; with 

 jj I ( Permian animal-remains only, 



upper I , g Carboniferous Flora (rarer), near Eakonitz. 

 toal-seam , ( {d Gas-coal of Eakonitz (Schwarte) ; Permian animals. 

 District 11)^ Coal-seam. 



/ Carboniferous Flora, very abundant. 

 g Coal-seam. 

 I h Niirschan Gas-Coal, Permian Fauna, and rich Carboniferous 

 \ Flora. 



Lower Coal- ( ) [ i Carboniferous Flora only, very abundant. 

 Seam District ) \ J ^- Coal-seam. 



in both 1 j I Carboniferous Flora. 

 Coal-fields. ( \ m Coal-seam. 



As an immediate result from this consideration it follows that in 

 Bohemia (and certainly also elsewhere) there is no strict boundary 

 between the true Carboniferous and Permian epoch, to demonstrate 

 which was always the chief object of my four years' examination of 

 the Bohemian Coal-fields, all of which I saw under the guidance of 

 Mr. Krejci, Professor of Geology at the Polytechnikum in Prague. 



The same result is clearly to be seen even from Herr Stur's 

 general view (Verb. k. k. geolog. Eeichsanst. 1874, p. 208), and 

 even Prof. Weiss does not deny it,^ although both Weiss and Stur 

 tried for some time to place the Nurschan Gas-coal, which is the 

 passage-bed, much lower in the series. 



But Mr. Krejci explained it very decidedly in a short, but com- 

 prehensive and clearly written paper, 1874.- 



^.— HISTORICAL NOTES. 

 While local geologists and paleeontologists, long resident in 

 Bohemia, were especially engaged in the examination of these 

 Coal-fields for many years, and had explained the relations of 

 these Gas-coals with their Permian animals in the manner I have 

 indicated, some foreign geologists, who never had occasion to 



1 Zeitschrift. d. D. Geol. Gesellsch. 1874, p. 364. 



2 Sitzungsb. d. k. bohm. Gesellsch. d. Wissensch. 1874, Decemb. 



