﻿238 Correspondence — E. Wilson. 



longing to the historic and prehistoric ages, including a Eomano- 

 British enamelled bronze brooch, of the same pattern as one found 

 in the Victoria Cave ; fragments of pottery, human bones and teeth, 

 and bones of both wild and domestic animals. 



The distribution of the remains found in the Church Hole Cave 

 agreed generally with that above described ; traces of human occu- 

 pation and remains of the Hyasna occurred both in the cave-earth 

 and in the red sand and clay. The bones found indicated the 

 following animals : — Lion, Polecat, Hyaena, Fox, Wolf, Bear, Rein- 

 deer, Irish Elk, Bison, Horse, Woolly Ehinoceros, Mammoth, and 

 Hare — all common to both the cave-deposits, except the Lion, wdiich 

 was found only in the cave-earth, and the Polecat, of which a single 

 jaw occurred in the red sand. The latter contained a larger propor- 

 tion of the remains than in the Eobin Hood Cave, but, as in the 

 latter, the quartzite implements were more abundant in the lower 

 strata of the deposits. Among the articles of human workmanship 

 was a perfect and well-shaped bone needle. The superficial soil 

 of the Church Hole Cave also contained articles of the historic and 

 prehistoric age, including a bronze fibula, fragments of pottery 

 (one mediaeval), and bones of man and animals. From the pre- 

 sence of these objects in the surface-soil the author inferred that 

 the caves of Creswell Crags, like those of Yorkshire and else- 

 where, were used as places of refuge by the Brit-welsh during the 

 conquest of the country by the English. 



After noticing the conditions of the fossil bones found in the 

 caves, the author proceeded to remark upon the general results of 

 the explorations with regard to their Pleistocene fauna, and con- 

 cluded that there is no evidence from these or other caves in this 

 country to prove that their faunas are either pre- or intei'glacial, 

 and that we have no proof of the existence of pre- or interglacial 

 man in Britain. 



coe,i^:bs:p03^x):e3j^ge. 



THE MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE AND NEW EED SANDSTONE IN 

 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF NOTTINGHAM. 



Sir, — Assuming that I am one of the "local geologists" referred 

 to by Mr. Aveline in his notice on the above subject, published in 

 the April Number of the GtEOLogical Magazine, 1 must, speaking 

 for myself alone, take exception (1) to his definition of my position, 

 and (2) to the necessity for the inference that he draws from facts 

 in themselves not open to question. In a paper on the Permians of 

 this district, Q. J. G. S. Nov. 1876, I briefly referred to a series of 

 sandstones, marls, and breccia, that I had long since noticed in the 

 neighbourhood of Nottingham to intervene between the typical 

 Lower Bunter (/') and the Middle Permian marls (e^). On 

 account of their combining the textural characters of both these 

 sub-formations, it became extremely difficult to relegate them to one 

 or the other ; and some geologists were inclined to class them as 

 passage-beds. In the above paper and accompanying section it was 



