Reviews — Contributions to Fossil Botany. 369 



The different species of animals found near the skeleton, in the 

 determination of which M. Eiviere has been assisted by Dr. 

 Senechal, are — Carnivores. — Felis spelaa, TJrsus spelceus, Ursus, pro- 

 bably U. arctos, Cams lupus, Erinaceits. Pachyderms. — Bhinoceros, 

 Equus, Sus scrofa. Euminants. — Bos primigenius, Cervus alces, C. 

 Canadensis, a Cervus smaller than C. elapTius, and which may be that 

 of Corsica, C. capreolus, Capra primigema ? (Gervais), Antilope 

 rupicapra, or Chamois. Eodents. —Lepus, a lower jaw with teeth. 

 Among the animals above enumerated, three by their presence 

 around the skeleton and above it — the great Felis, Ursus spelceus, 

 and Bhinoceros, and which had been found previous to the human 

 skeleton— indicate, M. Eiviere thinks, the epoch at which the fossil 

 man of Baousse-rousse had lived. The Eeindeer has not been 

 found in the caves of Mentone, and its remains appear to be equally 

 wanting in the other caverns of Italy. Among the principal objects 

 found near the skeleton were two flint knives, a bone pin worked 

 from the radius of a stag, shells {Nassa neritea), twenty -two per- 

 forated canines of the Stag, all these objects having the red colour of 

 the other parts of the skeleton and chiefly of the head. This colour 

 is due to peroxide of iron, formed by the hydration of oligist iron, 

 of which the surface of the body had been covered after death, 

 showing the interment of the fossil man. This interment had taken 

 place without any disturbance, on a soil formed of cinders, charcoal, 

 and calcined stones, and among the remains of the life of the period.^ 



J. M. 



Eeview of the Contributions to Fossil Botany published in 



Britain in 1871. 



By William Carruthers, F.E.S. 



The following papers have been published : — 

 Baily, W. H. Figures of Characteristic British Fossils. Part iii. pi. 28. 



The author devotes this plate to representations of four plants from the Devo- 

 nian measures of Ireland and Scotland, namely, Palceopteris hibernica, Schimp. ; 

 Knorria Bailyana, Schimp. ; Oyclostignia Kiltorkense, Haught. ; and Leipdodendron 

 nothum, Ung. 



BiNNEY, E. W. Observations on the Structure of Fossil Plants found in the Car- 

 boniferous Strata. Part ii. Lepidostrobus and some allied cones. Palseont. 

 Soc, Mon., pp. 33-62, pi. vii.-xii. 



The author figures two cones, which, fi-om the similarity in the structure of their 

 axis respectively to Lepidodendron Harconrtii, With., and L. vasculare, Binney, he 

 believes to be the fruits of these species. Nine cones, belonging to the same group 

 as that to which the name Flemingites was given, are figured, and named as eight 

 new species of Lepidostrobus. The most important observation in regard to these 

 cones is the discovery, according to the author, of microspores in the sporangia of the 

 upper portion of one of the cones, and the existence in all of them of sporangia 

 inclosing the macrospores (Binney) or sporangia (Carruthers). (See further on, under 

 EauiSETACE^, Lepidostrobus ambiguus.) Under the name Bowmanites Gambrensis 

 (gen. and sp, nov.), Mr. Binney figures a Calamitean cone, in which several sporangia 

 are borne ta a linear series on each scale. It is to be regretted that the author gives 



^ For a further account of this interesting discovery, see the article by Professor 

 Morris in the July number of the Popular Science Eeview. 



vol. IX. — NO. scviii. 24 



