382 Reports and Proceedings. 



Other systems of scratches were mentioned in detail. All these 

 tended to show that, though the general slope and drainage of the 

 district is to the S.W., the movement of the ice at the period of maxi- 

 mum cold was to the S. or S.S.E,, or nearly parallel to the watershed. 



The author goes on to describe certain disturbances at the surface 

 of the rocks, which are dipping at high angles to the south, they 

 having been overturned by some force coming from the north. 

 Such surface-disturbances are not found on rocks dipping to the 

 north ; and this fact may be explained by an illustration :. in one 

 case the brushing was with the nap, in the other against it. It was 

 shown that these phenomena could not be attributed to any other 

 agent but a great ice-sheet pushing on from its northern gathering 

 grounds, recruited by the greater elevations on its course, but over- 

 riding the lesser, grinding down and smoothing by its friction rocks 

 presenting but a gentle incline, tearing up and turning over the 

 basset edges confronting its approach. 



The author next described the arrangement of the Till as to 

 colour and material, and endeavoured to show that all the facts 

 which he has observed are in favour of the existence of an ice -sheet 

 travelling south in tins district. 



Mr. Cumming's observations in the Isle of Man were considered to 

 confirm these views. He describes the general glaciation of the 

 island as being from the E.N.E. or Lake-country, and describes 

 many large blocks of granite which had been carried from their 

 parent rock up the high hill of South Barruh and down the other 

 side. This was referred by Mr. Gumming at the time to a great 

 " wave of translation ; " but the facts are quite easily explained by 

 an iee-sheet. Other observations of Mr. Gumming upon the drifts 

 of the Isle of Man were taken by the author as confirmatory of his 

 views. Mr. Morton's observations on the glaciation of the Mersey 

 basin were touched upon ; and it was suggested that the glaciation 

 of that district was produced by an ice-sheet, not coming from the 

 south-east, as Mr. Morton holds, but working to the south-east from 

 the Lake-country, and across a part of what is now the Irish Sea. 



Professor Eamsay's observations on the glaciation of Anglesey 

 being to the S.S.W. instead of from the Snowdon group, as might be 

 expected, were considered by the author to be confirmatory of his 

 views of a great ice-sheet having filled what is now the Irish Sea 

 and emptied itself by St. George's Ghannel on the one hand, and by 

 the Gheshire plain on the other, as well as by some of the passes in 

 the Pennine Chain. 



Discussion. — Prof. Ramsay regretted that the late hour of the evening prevented 

 a proper discussion of this paper, which had been prepared with great care, and con- 

 tained conclusions of great importance and novel observations. 



5. " On the Mammalia of the Drift of Paris and its Outskirts." 

 By Prof. Albert Gaudry, F.G.G.S. (In a letter to W. Boyd Dawkins, 

 Esq., M.A., E.R.S., E.G.S.) 



In this paper the author briefly indicated those mammals the 

 remains of which have been discovered in the Pleistocene or Qua- 

 ternary deposits of Paris and its vicinity. His list includes flint 

 implements as evidences of the existence of man, and bones of the 



