fl6 Obituary — Frederick Collier Bakeivell. 



deposits are found of later date tlian the Pleiocene. The Pleistocene 

 deposits in New Zealand are sub-aerial, with the exception of the 

 raised beaches referred to, and the evidence of progressive sub- 

 mergence is discovered in the contour of the land above and below 

 the sea level, submerged forests, and other indications of unmistake- 

 able import. James Hectok. 



Geological Survey Office, Wellington, New Zealand, 

 Zlst October, 1369. 



ON THE OCCUREENCE OF SCHORL IN DRIFT, NEAR OXFORD. 



Sir, — A small pebble of quartz was found by my brother a few 

 years ago at Sandford upon Thames, near Oxford, having a black 

 spot on its surface. On breaking it, 1 found that it contained the 

 termination of a small crystal of Schorl, or black Tourmaline. It 

 may possibly have been derived from the North-west of England. 

 Tourmaline, according to Greg and Lettsom, does occur at Tenter 

 Gill, Carrock Fells ; also at Saddleback, near Force Crag. I have 

 given the specimen to Professor Phillips, at Oxford. 



S. G. Pekceval. 



Henbuey, 5th January, 1870. 



Frederick Collier Bakewell, a well-known writer on geologi- 

 cal and physical science, died 26th September, 1869. He was the 

 son of Robert Bakewell, the eminent geologist, whose '' Introduction 

 to Geology," published first in 1814, was the earliest comprehensive 

 work on this subject. Mr. F. C. Bakewell was very early connected 

 with the Press, having been editor of the now almost forgotten 

 Courier — the Times of its day — and later, as scientific writer for the 

 Morning Post and Daily News, etc., in which capacity for many years 

 he attended the meetings of the " British Association for the Ad- 

 vancement of Science." His earliest work was "Philosophical 

 Conversations," a practical introduction to every-day science for 

 young people ; and in 1835 he published " Natural Evidences of a 

 Future Life," which he was revising for the press at the time of his 

 death, and which will shortly appear in a new edition. Among his 

 other works were " Electric Science, its History, Phenomena, and 

 Applications " (1853) ; '■ Geology for Schools and Students ; " 

 " History of Modern Inventions," etc. He interested himself re- 

 centl}' in a discussion as to the Shaj)e of the Earth at the Poles ; 

 and in 1867 published a small pamphlet entitled, " A Dynamical 

 Theory of the Figure of the Earth," a brief notice of which was 

 given in the Geological Magazine, Vol. iv., p. 430, Mr. Bakewell 

 possessed an extraordinarily inventive genius, and occupied himself 

 in the construction of many interesting and novel appliances. His 

 greatest and favorite invention was that of the Copying Electric 

 Telegraph, for which he was awarded the Council Medal at the Exhi- 

 bition of 1851, some modification of which will probably, sooner or 

 later, be adopted for the transmission of messages. 



