332 Miss E. Hodgson — The Qranite-drift of Furness. 



Leaving the precise point of entrance into Nortli Lancasliiref 

 and the eastern extension thereupon, to be described in the sequel, 

 I will now pass to the Cumberland side of the Duddon estuary. In 

 the paper previously quoted, I noticed the enormous quantity of 

 granite boulders and pebbles lying on the south Cumberland coast at 

 Haverigg. Probably at no point on their line of travel are they 

 more abundant, or accumulated in greater variety than here : and it 

 ought to be conceded that the major part is no doubt derived from 

 the range given by Professor Sedgwick. But although the valleys 

 of the Irt, Mite, and Esk, have furnished large supplies to the general 

 bulk, exhibiting many shades of difference, I venture to question 

 whether there is ever an entire absence of the red, pink, or flesh- 

 colour in the felspars. The character given by Mr. Otley in his 

 notice of this rock is, — " a variety of granite with reddish felspar, 

 and which from a deficiency of mica has sometimes been called 

 syenite."^ Professor Gumming distinguishes the Eskdale granite as 

 "generally reddish, with a deficiency of mica, sometimes earthy in 

 structure."^ Mr. Binney recognizes the granite of Kavenglass as a 

 "brownish-grey granite, with a light pinkish-white felspar."^ My 

 own specimen of the granite of Eskdale might also be described as a 

 brownish-grey granite, the felspar white to pale flesh-colour, in 

 places pink ; some of the ciystals dull and " earthy ;" quartz brown- 

 ish-white ; mica grey, and sparingly disseminated. 



Working northward from Haverigg, I found, during last summer, 

 a few small reddish granite pebbles, both sub-angular and rounded, 

 in the higher forks of the Whicham valley, to the north of Millom 

 Park, at 135 feet elevation. These granite pebbles were associated 

 with others of a brownish-red sandstone, all of them, even the 

 smallest, displaying numerous thin laminae. Now these latter pebbles 

 must belong to the lower part of the Upper Permian Sandstones, a, 

 shown in section at Barrowmouth, St. Bees Head.* 



From an inspection of nearly a hundred stones picked up on 

 the rocky coast at St. Bees, a different type of granite is seen to 

 preponderate there. Instead of a brownish-grey, this might be called 

 a black and white granite : for there is an abundance of dark mica, 

 with white felspar, and white quartz : and it also varies consider- 

 ably, according to the proportions of these minerals. 



The same thing is repeated on the Harrington, Workington, and 

 Maryport shores : beautiful white crystals of felspar, white to light- 

 brown quartz, and dark, nearly black, mica ; identical, as it seems to 

 me, with the " Granite which forms the base of Skiddaw." 



Mr. W. Dickinson, of Thorncroft, Workington, very kindly places 

 at my disposal the result of some of his observations over a district 

 which he has noticed, with an eye to its geology, for a great many 



^ Jonathan Otley's Descriptive Guide to the English Lakes, eighth edition. 



"^ Rev. Prof. J. G. Gumming, Geology of Cumberland and "Westmoreland. 



3 Mr. Binney, MS. 



* See a description by Mr. Binney of the St. Bees Sandstone, Mems. of the Lit. 

 and Phil. Soe., Manchester, vol. ii., 3rd series. " Further Observations on the Carb. 

 Perm, and Triassic Strata of Cumberland and Dumfries." 



