E. Ray Lankester — East Anglian Brachiopoda. 411 



resembling T. simplex) as their nearest ally. If we look upon them, 

 however, as a square or stumpy variety, such as we have in T. pero- 

 ^alis commonly enough, it is possible to associate them with T. rex, 

 especially since some specimens in Mr. Charlesworth's blocks bridge 

 over the differences. 



Besides these specimens from Thorpe and Snape, we have Mr. 

 Eose's specimens from Stow-Bardolph, all from drift ; the last- 

 named being undoubtedly typical and very beautifully marked 

 specimens of Sowerby's T. ovoides. It becomes an interesting ques- 

 tion as to what bed has furnished these various Terehratulce to the 

 East Anglian drift. If Mr. Davidson be right in putting the Whitby 

 T. trilineata with Sowerby's T. ovoides, it would seem that an Inferior 

 Oolite should have furnished the specimens of Suffolk erratics. Mr. 

 Davidson, however, says that there is considerable obscurity about 

 the geological horizon of the species, and that it probably existed 

 in various Jurassic epochs, and certainly is not Cretaceous. Some 

 evidence tending to clear up the question of the source of the speci- 

 mens of T. ovoides, lata, and rex, has come to hand from Cambridge. 

 In the Lower Greensand bed at Upware, which has furnished such 

 beautiful Brachiopoda and so many derived remains from the Upper 

 Oolites, casts of a very large Terelratula have been found which 

 were at one time thought to be connected with the Cretaceous T. 

 depressa there found, or with the strongly keeled T. ( Waldheimia) 

 Woodwardii discovered there, which they resembled in being carinate. 

 My friend, Mr. Earwaker, of Merton College, Oxford, showed me a 

 considerable series of these large casts, and that drawn in Fig. 2 is 

 one of his specimens. It is evident from their water-worn state 

 that they have been derived from an earlier deposit, and the resem- 

 blance they bear, in their carinate perforate valve and depressed im- 

 perforate valve, to Mr. Eoper's specimens of T. rex is obvious. 

 That drawn in Fig. 2 is about the size and form of one of the square 

 specimens in the British Museum block from Snape, whilst others 

 of a more elongate form (like Fig. 1) were also in Mr. Earwaker's 

 possession. Mr. Earwaker has also drawn my attention to some 

 Terebratulce which he and Mr. Harry Seeley, of Cambridge, knocked 

 out of a block, in company with other fossils, at Herrmiere on the 

 Cam, not far from Upware. These specimens, one of which is 

 drawn in Fig. 3, promise to decide the geological horizon of T. rex, 

 ovoides, and lata; for there can be no doubt that the specimen in 

 Fig. 3 is the same species as that drawn in Fig. 1 ; the carination of 

 the one valve, depression mesially of the other, and small foramen, 

 agree in the two. The matrix in which this specimen occurred is a 

 fine sandstone conglomerate, closely resembling the matrix from 

 Thorpe and Snape, and having small black pebbles scattered in it. 

 Mr. Seeley informs me that it is in situ beneath the bed of the Cam, 

 between Ely and Upware, and is often dredged up there. The fossils 

 which came from the block which he broke with Mr. Earwaker, 

 including species of Belemnites, Trigonia, etc., agree with the strati- 

 graphical position of the bed, as the very highest of the Oolites, — 

 Portlandian, if the name be applicable to this part of the country, — 



