Bath Natural History Field-cluh. 437 



exists that a rise preceded the present subsidence. Numerous facts 

 were adduced in support of this assertion. The remainder of Dr. 

 Brown's paper was occupied in an attempt to apply the doctrines 

 regarding the physical action of Arctic ice to account for the Scot- 

 tish glacial remains, and to deduce therefrom evidence regarding 

 the changes Scotland underwent during and subsequent to the 

 glacial period. 



Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field-club. — The 

 third excursion of the season was specially devoted to geology. 

 Twelve members and two visitors started by the 8.25 a.m. train from 

 the Midland Station for Longhope via Gloucester. The famous Long- 

 hope quarry, where the Ludlow beds of the Upper Silurian strata with 

 olive-green micaceous shales were first seen dipping at a high angle 

 beneath the New Eed Marls, and left for exploration until the return 

 to the station. The Secretary briefly pointed out that the members 

 were standing on the line of a great fault, and that the whole mass 

 of the Old Eed Sandstone and Carboniferous series of the Forest of 

 Dean ought to come in between the New Eed Marls on which they 

 were standing, and the quarry of Upper Ludlow close at their back. 

 He also explained that owing to the great dip of the beds their walk 

 would take them in the descending order across successively the • 

 Upper Ludlow beds, the Aymestry limestone (which appeared here 

 to be represented by the more calcareous portion of the Ludlow beds), 

 the Lower Ludlow, the Wenlock limestone and shales, to the base of 

 the Upper Llandovery rocks of which May-hill was composed. 

 Ascending the steep lane and reaching the top of the ridge, a fine 

 section of Wenlock limestone is exposed with its associated shales, 

 and on the refuse heaps various characteristic fossils were collected, 

 i. e., Atrypa reticularis, Orthis elegantula, Bhynchonella (borealis) ? 

 StropJiomena depressa, Cyathopliyllura, Bryozoa, etc. After lunch 

 Mr. Symonds gave an eloquent resume of the geology of the district. 

 All had heard, he said, of the Laurentian rocks of Canada, the most 

 ancient sedimentary stratra in the world. The equivalents of these 

 had been found in the Isle of Lewis, on the west coast of Scot- 

 land, in Sutherland and Eoss, and he believed they were now look- 

 ing upon old Laurentian deposits in those metamorphosed rocks 

 forming the Malvern range before them. Associated with these 

 deposits were ancient lava beds traversing them as dykes, these being 

 representatives of the oldest volcanic rocks in England. Li these 

 were apparent the cause of that metamorphism and disturbance 

 so evident on all sides. On their flanks rested quartzites, which 

 may be certain altered representatives of the Cambrian rocks, and 

 along the South Malvern were the Lower Silurian rocks also here 

 and there altered by the volcanic influences referred to. Allusion was 

 here made to the result of Dr. Holl's labours in working out the 

 geology and mineralogy of the Malvern rocks, and Mr. Symonds 

 proceeded to describe how after the deposit of the Lower Silurians, 

 and about the period of the Upper Lingula beds, there was an out- 

 burst of volcanic matter again along the line of the Malverns, which, 



