508 G. A. Lehour, and W. Mundle — Coalin Chile. 



These faults run, in the great majority of cases, in a more or less N. 

 and S. direction, that is, approximately parallel to the sea- shore, and, 

 which is more significant, parallel also to the mountain-chains of the 

 country. It need scarcely be pointed out that this parallelism 

 between the lines of dislocation and the axes of elevation, is of the 

 highest theoretical value, as showing, beyond doubt, that the eleva- 

 tory action, to which the great Andian Cordillera is due, has been at 

 work since, probably long since, the close of the era during which 

 the deposition of the Chilian Coal-fields took place. This is only a 

 confirmation of the acknowledged fact, that a very great portion of 

 the elevation of the Andes (5,000 or 6,000 feet at least, according to 

 Dana) was gained in Tertiary times. 



From a mining and practical point of view, these faults are of 

 value, insomuch as, by their constant upthrows of the coal-seams sea- 

 wards, a considerable amount of workable .coal is saved, which 

 otherwise would be quite lost and useless. And here we may, 

 perhaps, advert to a consequence of a want of knowledge of such 

 faults : in Mr. W. BoUaert's paper, to which we have so often re- 

 ferred, the author mentions that the coal-workings at Coronel were 

 likely to become much more extensive than those at Lota, whereas 

 exactly the reverse has come to pass, the Lota seams being capable 

 of being worked far under the sea, while those of Coronel have been 

 been completely cut off by it (see Fig. 5). 



With these somewhat crude remarks we conclude this paper. The 

 analyses of coals and lists of fossils are given in the Appendix. 



APPENDIX. 



(a.) List of fossils from the coast between the Chonos Archipelago 

 to Concepcion, form Darwin's " Geology of South America." 



Turritella suturalis, G. B. Sby. 



T. Chilensis, G. B. Sby. 



Sigaretus suhglohosus, G. B. Sby, 



Cytkerea (?) sulculosa (?), G. B. Sby. 



Valuta, fragments of. 



Bulla cosmophila, G. B. Sby. 



Fleurotoma suhaqualis, G. B. Sby. 



P. araucana, D'CJrbig. 



Fusus cleryanus, D'Orbig. 



F. suhrefkxus (?). 



F. difficilis, D'Orbig. 



Triton leucostonioides, G. B. Sby. 



Venus auca, D'Orbig. 



Venus, fragments of. 



Tellinides (?) ohlonga, G. B. Sby. 



Natica striolata, G. B. Sby. 



N. {?)pumila, G. B. Sby. 



It is on the last-named fossils more especially that the Cretaceous 

 age of the lig-nitiferous beds was contended for by D'Orbigny. 



(6.) The following analyses of coals are taken from Mr. W. Bol- 

 laert's paper in the Journal of the Geographical Society, vol. xxv., 

 p. 175. 



iV^. araucana, D'Orbig. 

 ]V. Australis, D'Orbig. 

 Scalar ia Chilensis, D'Orbig, 

 Fyrula longirostra, D'Orbig. 

 Cardium auca, D'Orbig. 

 C. acuticostatum, D'Orbig. 

 Mactra cicileana, D'Orbig. 

 M. araucana, D'Orbig. 

 Area araucana, D'Orbig. 

 Nucula Largillierti, D'Orbig. 

 Dentalium majus, G. B. Sby. 

 Trigonia Hanetiana, D'Orbig. 

 Fecten, fragments of two species ? 

 Baculites vagina, B. Forbes. 

 Nautilus D' Orhignyanus, E. Forbes, 

 Ammonites, fragments of one specimen. 



