The Audubon Societies 



s. Cedar 



49 



shingles 



water-tanks 



i taxidermist 



heads posts 



rustic chairs 





6. Maple 





baskets 



crating 



parlor frames 



spools 



bUnds 



croquet sets 



piano-backs 



tables 



bobbins 



cattle stanchions rolHng-pins 



brush-handles 



boxes 



broom-handles 



screens 



school desks 



car ceiling 



flooring 



sleds 



window-screens 



chairs 



finish 



wagons 



refrigerators 



clothes-pins 



novelties 



spokes 



agricultural imple- 

 ments 



7. Yellow Birch 11. 



Poplar 



15. Butternut 



8. Beech 



12. 



Basswood 



16. Tamarack 



9. White Ash 



13- 



Black Cherry 



17. Willow 



10. Brown Ash 



14. 



Elm 



18. Aspen 



JUNIOR AUDUBON WORK 



For Teachers and Pupils 



Exercise XXV. Correlated Studies: Reading and Drawing. 

 Feathers, Part II 



Continuing our study of a bird's plumage, let us devote attention in this 

 exercise to the coloring and markings of feathers. As we have already seen, 

 feathers differ in structure according to their location and use. They differ 

 also in color and pattern according to their location and wear, for feathers, 

 like clothes, may fade and become frayed and worn. 



The first thing that the average observer notices about the plumage of 

 birds is, probably, the great variety of colors and markings apparent to the 

 eye. The rich glossy browns and blacks, brilliant blues, reds and yellows, 

 delicate flushes of color on somberly garbed birds, iridescent tints, combined 

 with an innumerable variety of markings, at once confuse and entrance the 

 eye. It is small wonder that, to beginners, the plumage of birds seems to be 

 their most important field character. How superficial this view is, however, 

 may be seen at once by inspecting a few separate feathers, especially, of highly 

 colored species. A yellow bird is found to have feathers the tips of which 

 alone are yellow, and so, of red or blue or even black birds, if the feathers are 

 contour feathers. Quill- and tail-feathers may be colored throughout. 



Markings, also, are found to be mostly confined to exposed surfaces, as if 

 Nature were economizing by using only sufficient coloring-matter (pigment) to 

 make a show where it can be seen. One would scarcely believe, if told that a 

 feather gray-white or white, except at its tip, belonged to a red or yellow or 



