250 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



Stjb-Genus I.— SUCCISA. Mert. & Koch. 



Clinanth with soft scales and surrounded by a polyphyllous 

 pericline. Involucel with 8 furrows ; limb with 4 herbaceous 

 teeth. Calyx-limb with 5 setaceous sub-erect teeth or entire. 

 Corolla-limb 4-cleft, not radiant. 



SPECIES I.-SCABIOS A SUCCISA. Linn. 



Plate DCLXXVII. 



Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XII. Tab. DCXCVIII. Fig. 1385. 

 li'illut, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 1222. 



Succisa pratensis, Monch. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ, et Helv. ed. ii. p. 377. Reich. Fl. 

 Germ. Excurs. p. I9G, et Ic. I. c. 



Rootstoek premoise. Leaves oblanceolate or obovate, shortly 

 stalked, the stem ones narrower, with tbe petioles connate at the 

 base, all entire or faintly toothed. Anthodes not radiant, hemi- 

 spherical-globose. Leaves of the involucre {pericline) in several 

 rows, lanceolate-strapshaped or lanceolate. Limb of the involucel 

 4-toothed, ciliated, the teeth ovate-acute mucronate. Calyx-teeth 

 erect, shorter than the tube when in fruit. Corolla-limb 4-cleft, 

 with the lobes nearly equal in all the flowers. 



In pastures, moors, open places in woods, and on alpine rocks. 

 Common, and generally distributed. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Autumn. 



Rootstock very short, with numerous slightly-thickened cylin- 

 drical tapering fibres. Stems 1 to 3 feet high, stout, indistinctly 

 striate, sparingly branched. Root-leaves 2 inches to 1 foot long, sub- 

 coriaceous, varying from obovate to narrowly elliptical, attenuated 

 at the base into a longer or shorter stalk, the margins generally entire. 

 Stem-leaves in distant pairs, generally narrower than the root-leaves, 

 and more frequently toothed ; the petioles united at the base, form- 

 ing a short sheath. Flower-heads f to 1 inch across. Phyllariea 

 generally in three rows, herbaceous, downy, ciliated. Scales on the 

 clinanth elliptical, sub-scarious, purple on the tips, as long as the 

 involucels, the latter densely pubescent with white hairs. Calyx- 

 teeth dark-red. Flowers £ inch across, dark purplish-blue, varying to 

 white. Lobes of the corolla hairy. Anthers much exserted, reddish- 

 purple. Plant rather dark-green, with scattered hairs; peduncles 

 with close adpressed hairs. On alpine rocks, the leaves are some- 

 times entirely glabrous, and the whole plant much larger than usual. 



Devil' 8-bit Scabious. 

 French, S& fcM. German, TcufeU Abbiss. 



