_ 
20 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
1 to 2 inches long, with short branches on all sides, towards the base, 
and glomerules towards the apex. Flowers all 5-merous. Fruit fall- 
ing very readily out of the calyx segments, black, strongly shagreened, 
and separating with difficulty from the pericarp, about the size of that 
of C.album. Plant green, slightly shining, the under side of the leaves, 
branches, and calyx mealy when young, but losing the greater part of 
the meal when mature; stem striped with green and dull red or white. 
The vars. « and present considerable difference in appearance, 
but Koch says he has proved them to be the same by cultivation, and 
it is often difficult to say to which type particular forms ought to be 
referred; the state with entire leaves I have only once met with, on 
the mud dredged from the Thames and laid on Battersea fields during 
the formation of Battersea Park. 
Upright Goosefoot. 
French, Ansérine de ville. German, Steifer Gédnsefuss. 
Section Il.—PSEUDO-BLITUM. Gren. and Godr. 
Annuals, rarely perennials. Lateral flowers, often 3-merous or 
4-merous; the terminal ones commonly 5-merous. Stigmas short or 
rarely elongated. Seeds of the lateral flowers vertical, of the terminal 
ones horizontal. 
SPECIES VIL—CHENOPODIUM RUBRUM. Linn. 
Pirates MCXCVI. MCXCVII. 
Blitum rubrum, Reich. Fl. Germ. Excurs. p. 582. Moq.-Tand. in D.O. Prod. Vol. XU 
Part II. p.83. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. et Helv. ed. ii. p. 698. Fries, Summ. Veg. 
Scand. p. 34. 
Annual. Stem erect or decumbent, simple or branched, especially at 
the base. Leaves triangular or rhombic-triangular or rhombic deltoid, 
irregularly inciso-dentate or -serrate or entire; the upper ones much 
narrower, smaller, entire, or serrate. Flowers in rather large glome- 
rules, arranged in terminal and lateral ascending lax or dense slightly 
compound spikes, which are leafy, at least towards the base, or rarely 
leafless; spikes combined into a pyramidal lax or dense panicle, leafy 
throughout or only at the base. Calyx segments not keeled on the back, 
wholly covering the fruit (except in the flowers with horizontal seeds), 
with narrow scarious margins. Stigmas short. Seeds nearly all vertical, 
very minute, only the terminal one of the spikes sometimes horizontal ; 
the vertical ones very small, not keeled, shining, very finely shagreened ; 
the horizontal ones larger, but in other respects similar. Stem and 
leaves shining, and, as well as the calyx, destitute of white meal. 
