94 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
Petals pale pink. Filaments very long. Drupe berrylike, about the 
size of a pea, jet black when ripe; pyrenes commonly 9, shaped like 
one of the segments of an orange, pale, opaque, roughened. 
Crowberry. 
German, Schwarze Krahenbeere. 
This plant is known by the names of Black-berried Heath, Crakeberry, or Black Crow- 
berry. The Highlanders frequently eat the berries, as sometimes do children, but they 
are not a desirable fruit, and, if taken in large quantities, occasion headache. Grouse 
feed upon them. Boiled with alum, they afford a purple dye. 
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ORDER LXVI._EUPHORBIACES. 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees with the juice often milky, the habit very 
various, sometimes (in exotic species) leafless and cactuslike, more 
commonly leafy with alternate or rarely with opposite leaves. Stipules 
present and then generally deciduous or more often absent. Flowers 
always unisexual, diccious or moneecious, very variously disposed. 
Perianth single, double or absent. Stamens 1 to indefinite in the 
male flowers. Female flowers with the ovary free from the perianth, 
3- more rarely 2- or many-celled; ovules 1 or 2 in each cell, anatro- 
pous, pendulous from the internal apical angle of the cells; styles as 
many as the carpels, distinct, united; stigmas distinct or united. 
Fruit commonly consisting of 3 (more rarely 2 or many) cocca, which 
usually break away from the columella and split into 2 valves, or very 
rarely the capsule is loculicidally dehiscent into 3 valves. Seeds 1 or 
more rarely 2 in each coccum or cell of the fruit, with a crustaceous 
testa, generally carunculate or arillate; albumen fleshy; embryo large, 
with the cotyledons sometimes foliaceous ; radicle superior. 
GENUS I—BUXUS. Tournef. 
Flowers moneecious, distinct, not combined into a compound flower 
Perianth with bracteoles at the base, of 4 unequal sepals arranged in 
the form of a cross. Male flowers with 4 free stamens. Female 
flowers with 3 separate styles. Capsule 3 pointed, separating above 
into 3 beaked valves, which are 2-horned at the apex from the split- 
ting of the persistent styles; the 3 valves enclosing 3 cocca, each of 
which contains 2 seeds. Seeds smooth, shining. 
Shrubs or small trees with opposite entire coriaceous leaves. 
