199 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
on land or in shallow water, but I keep it distinct on the authority of 
Dr. Hegelmaier, who considers it so on account of its flowering at an 
earlier date than C. hamulata. It appears to be a form more confined 
to the south and west of Europe than any of the preceding. The leaves 
of C. pedunculata seem to be always strapshaped, never oblanceolate 
or obovate. 
_ The only other subspecies of C. verna which is likely to occur in 
Britain is C. obtusangula, Ze Gall., which has the lobes of the fruit 
with an evanescent furrow between them, and the angles of the lobes 
completely rounded off, but in other respects it closely resembles C. 
vernalis. 
Pedunculated Water Starwort. 
SPECIES I1—CALLITRICHE AUTUMNALIS. Lim. 
Prare MCCLXXV. 
Reich, Ic. Fl. Germ. et Helv. Vol. V. Pl. CXXX. Fig. 4749 b. 
Leaves strapshaped or lanceolate-strapshaped, generally enlarged at 
the base, notched at the apex. Anthers always submerged; pollen 
grains with a single coat. Marginal furrows of the fruit deep, ex- 
tending to the bottom of the lobes. Stem and leaves destitute of 
stellate scales; the leaves all submerged, translucent, 1-nerved, and 
destitute of stomata. 
In lakes. Rare. Llyn Maelog, Anglesea; pond in Tabley Park, 
Cheshire (Hon. J. L. Warren). In Scotland it occurs in several 
lakes, but I have gathered it in only Loch Gelly, Fife, and Loch of 
Drum, near Aberdeen. In Ireland it grows at Cong, and a little to 
the east of Foxford, co. Mayo; also near Lough Neagh, cos. Derry 
and Antrim. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Summer, Autumn. 
Plant wholly submerged, with brittle yellowish stems and very dark 
green translucent leaves, } to } inch long, resembling in texture those 
of Potamogeton pusillus; these leaves are usually rounded at the base 
and taper slightly towards the apex, but sometimes they are nearly 
the same width throughout. The fruit is 74, to } inch long, dark olive 
when dry, with very broad membranous wings, and the lobes being 
divided nearly to the base, it is impossible to mistake this species 
when in fruit for any of the forms of C. verna. 
The British specimens which I have examined, viz. those from 
Anglesea, Cheshire, Fife, Aberdeen, and Perth, all belong to a sub- 
species, C. eu-autumnalis [C. autumnalis, Auct. Hegelm. Monogr. p. 61]. 
In this plant the fruit is sessile or subsessile; the margins of the lobes 
have a broad sharp winglike keel. Another subspecies, C. truncata, 
Guss., has the fruit sessile or more or less distinctly stalked, and the 
