158 ENGLISH BOTANY, 



with 5 or 3 leaflets, or simple and more or less deeply palmately 

 lobed. Flowers white, pink, red, or purple, in corymbose cymes, 

 which are often combined so as to form a panicle, rrnit pulpy, 

 edible. 



The name of this genus speaks for itself even to English ears : ruber, red, indicating 

 the colour of the fruit. 



SPECIES I.— RUBUS CHAM^MORUS. linn. 

 Plate CCCCXL. 



Rootstock extensively creeping. Stems herbaceous, simple, 

 leafless at the base, the upper part with 1 to 4 leaves. Leaves 

 simple, roundish, 5- to 7-lobed, deeply cordate at the base, with 

 the basal lobes contiguous. Flowers solitary, terminal, dioecious. 

 Petals oblong-oval, spreading. Fruit not separating from the recep- 

 tacle, consisting of rather few large very juicy drupes with a very 

 tender skin, pale orange when ripe. 



On peaty moors in mountainous districts. In North Wales, 

 Derbyshire, Teesdale, the Lake district, and all the mountainous 

 tracts in Scotland. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Summer. 



Eootstock somewhat woody, creeping at some depth below the 

 surface, much branched. Stems 3 to 8 inches high, erect. Stipules 

 oval, those of the lowest nodes without leaves. Leaves stalked, 1^ 

 to 3 inches across, plicate, rugose, lobed from a quarter to half-way 

 down, the lobes themselves again very slightly lobed, and serrate 

 or crenate-serrate. Sepals oval, acuminated, unequal in breadtb, 

 generally tinged with red. Flowers f to 1 j inch across, pure white. 

 Fruit f to 1 inch long, with the fruitiug-calyx adpressed to its base ; 

 drujjes rather numerous, containing faintly reticulated stones. Plant 

 dull-green, with the leaves paler below. Stems generally tinged with 

 red, and, as well as the petioles, peduncles, and calyces, thickly 

 clothed with small curled hairs ; leaves sub-glabrous above, sparingly 

 hairy beneath. 



Clouclhcrry , Roehuck-berry. 



French, Bcmce. German, Zwergmaulheer, Bromheera. 



Knowtberry of the Scotch ; Knot or Knotberry, old English. 



The fruit of this plant is sometimes called the Mountain Raspberry. It grows on 

 alpine turfy bogs in elevated situations : hence its common name Cloudberry. The 

 plant flowers in June, soon after the snow has melted, and the pleasant-looking fruit 

 scarcely ripens in August before it is again overwhelmed with its winter covering. Its 

 very hardihood makes it extremely difficult to cultivate, and its wild mountainous 

 habits are as difficult to reconcile to civilization as those of the animal creation by 

 which it is surrounded in its native districts. The snow preserves the fruit, and is 



