120 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
instead of the broad white shoots of the plant, and to have been accordingly disgusted 
with its flavour, and to have denied its excellence. The careful cultivation of Sea-Kale 
greatly adds to its delicacy and flavour; by covering the shoots from the light they 
become tender and white, and are thought by many to be equal if not superior to 
asparagus. 
Tre IIT.—RAPHANE®. Zinn. 
Cotyledons conduplicate. Pod elongate, without valves. 
GENUS TTI—RAPHANUS. Linn. 
Sepals erect, the two outer gibbous at the base. Petals equal, 
entire or emarginate, with long claws. Filaments without wings 
or teeth. Style slender, conical. Pod of two joints, which are 
indehiscent and without valves; the lower one very small, stalk- 
like, persistent, barren; the upper elongate-cylindrical or moni- 
liform, deciduous or persistent, with several 1-seeded cells formed 
by transverse partitions; beak conical.* 
Annual or biennial glabrous or hispid branched herbs, with the 
root enlarged and fleshy in the biennial species. Lower leaves 
lyrate. Racemes very short (almost corymbose) in flower, elon- 
gate in fruit. Flowers pale yellow or white, veined or tinged with 
pink or purple. Pods often spongy. 
The name of this genus is from padvwe (raduos), early, and ¢aww (phaino), I appear, 
from its speedy growth or appearance from the seed. The English name Radish comes 
from radix, a root. 
Sus-Genus IL—RAPHANISTRUM. Tournef. 
Upper joint of the pod deciduous, hard underneath the fleshy 
outer surface, more or less distinctly contracted between the seeds, 
usually ribbed when dry. Plant hispid or scabrous. 
SPECIES LI—RAPHANUS RAPHANISTRUM. Linz. 
Puate LXXXIt 
Raphanistrum segetum, Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ. et Helv. Vol. II. Vetr. Tab. III. Fig. 4172. 
Root slender. Lower leaves few, scarcely forming a rosette, 
lyrate, with few distant segments. Beak about three times as long 
* For a detailed account of the structure of the pod, see Bromfield’s “ Flora 
Vectensis,” p. 46. 
+ The Plate is E. B. 856, with a flower of the white variety added by Mr. J. E. 
Sowerby. 
