CRUCIFERA. 185 
ovoid, convex above and beneath, more or less acute at the apex, 
slightly compressed horizontally; valves more or less distinctly 
reticulated; replum not twice as long as broad; style not one- 
fourth the length of the pod. 
Sup-Sreciers L—Cochlearia officinalis. Zinn. 
Puate CXXX.* 
C. officinalis, Zeich. Ic. Fl. Germ. et Helv. Vol. II. Tetr. Tab. XVI. Fig. 4260. 
C. officinalis, var. a, Hook. & Arn. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p. 29. 
Radical leaves roundish or reniform, deeply cordate at the 
base, and generally entire; stem leaves sessile, amplexicaul (except 
the lower ones which are shortly stalked), angulated, with a few 
large teeth or lobes, or rarely entire. Pod sub-globular, rounded 
at the base, slightly and abruptly pointed at the apex. 
On muddy shores, and rocks by the sea. Common both in 
England and Scotland, but apparently more frequent in the latter 
country. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Biennial or Perennial. 
Spring, Summer. 
Rootstock generally slender, but in old plants frequently as 
thick as a man’s finger, producing a tuft of radical leaves which 
generally soon decay, and numerous ascending or decumbent stems 
which are angular, fleshy, and brittle, 6 inches to 2 feet long, with 
a few short spreading branches in the upper part. Radical leaves 
on long stalks, } inch to 2 inches in diameter, roundish-reniform, 
or roundish-deltoid in outline; lower stem leaves generally resem- 
bling the radical ones, but on shorter stalks, the greater number 
of them sessile, and the uppermost quite amplexicaul, generally 
more or less angulated or toothed, with a tendency to become 
rhomboidal; all thick and fleshy. Flowers white, sometimes tinged 
with purple, + to $inch across. Petals between twice and thrice as 
long as the sepals. Pedicels about } inch long, ascending or spread- 
ing. Pod } to ; inch long, globular, slightly pointed at the apex ; 
valves very convex, with a dorsal nerve and a few prominent veins; 
style very short. Seeds shortly obovate, flat, deeply punctured, 
brown, usually 4 in each cell, but sometimes 6. Whole plant deep 
green, glabrous. 
Common Scurvy- Grass. 
French, Cranson Officinal, Herbe aux Cuillers. 
German, Das Gebrduchliche Liffelkraut, Liffelkresse, Scharbocksheil. 
Like C. Armoracia, the whole of this plant abounds in a pungent oil, obtainable 
by distillation. When fresh it has a peculiar smell, especially when bruised, and a 
* The Plate is E. B. 551, unaltered, 
2B 
