Rerieics — Indian Post-Tertiary Vertehrata. 371 



American forms. Finally, there can be but little doubt from its 

 general structure that Goiidwanosaurus was an aquatic form." 



"Tiie range in time of Archegosaiirus is given in the Bi'itish 

 Association Eeport for 1874: as exclusively Carboniferous, but A. 

 Declieni and A. latifrons, Geinitz, have been subsequently described 

 from the Lower Permian (Rothliegendes). Zygosaurus ranges from 

 the Lower to the Upper Permian. The European J.ci«?zoc?o»zh'cZ<g are 

 aR of Lower Permian age ; while the American forms are likewise 

 referred to some part of the same period. PlaUjops is from the 

 Upper Permian. The more specialized Bhytidosteus is said to be 

 from Triassic strata; but there are good grounds for believing the 

 formation in which it occurs to represent more than one European 

 geological period, and its age may probably be given as somewhere 

 between the Permian and Jurassic; it is said to come from beds 

 lower down in the series than those which have yielded the mam- 

 malian Tritylodon. 



Juda;ing: from the foreg-oina;, the aare of Gondioanosaurus should 

 probably be (homotaxially) Permian ; since the balance of evidence 

 is in favour of regarding the Panchet group, which immediately 

 overlies the Bijori group in which Gondioanosaurus was found, as of 

 Triassic age, the Permian age of the Bijori group would accord well 

 with this reference. On the other hand, however, the labyrintho- 

 dont BracJiyops laticeps from the Kamthi (Mangli) group, which, 

 like the Bijori group, belongs mainly to the Upper Damuda series, 

 is allied to a European Jurassic form [Rhino saur us), while the flora 

 of the Damudas has in many respects a decidedly Mesozoic facies. 

 What is already known of the distribution of fossil floras in other 

 parts of the world does not, however, forbid the view that the 

 Damudas as a whole, may correspond to the Upper Palgeozoics, with 

 a possibility of their upper beds being Lower Triassic ; and on this 

 view the occurrence of a Labyrinthodont allied to a Jurassic form 

 should probably be taken to indicate that this group originated at an 

 earlier period in India, while the primitive notochordal forms were 

 still in existence. Judging from the degree of the specialization of 

 'Bhytidosteus, the strata in which it occurs might be best referred to 

 the Trias, and preferably to the lower part of that period ; but the 

 points already mentioned show the necessity of the extreme caution 

 which must be exercised in correlating strata from the occurrence of 

 a single terrestrial form. In view of this necessity all the above 

 suggestions as to the age of the Damudas must be regarded as purely 

 provisional." 



2. — Indian Tektiary and Post-Tertiary Vertebrata. Series X. 

 Vol. iii. Part 6. Siwalik and Narbada Chelonia. By E. 

 Lydekker, B.A., F.G.S. With 10 plates, pp. 5Q. (Calcutta, 1885. 

 Eoyal 4to.) 



ME. LYDEKKEE has rendered this a most valuable memoir 

 upon a very difficult group of vertebrate remains, the litera- 

 ture of which is exceedingly scattered. 



Many examples of the fossil Tortoises and Emydce are only pre- 



