372 Revieics — Geology of South Australia. 



served in a very fragmentary condition, and as tlie shells exhibit 

 only the boundaries of the bony scutes and not those of the epidermal 

 jjlates, and as in recent species, as a rule, the former are not described 

 and are invisible without the removal of the overlying plates, it is in 

 such cases almost impossible to determine the affinities of the fossils. 



The great similarity in the shells of many existing emydines, and 

 the doubt still existing as to the number of species, likewise renders 

 the specific determination of their fossil allies a matter of extreme 

 difficulty. 



The comparatively small niamber of forms described when taken 

 in connexion with the large number belonging to particular groups 

 indicates that we are at present only acquainted with a small moiety 

 of the whole Siwalik chelonian fauna ; and from the extremely 

 interesting nature of the species that are known to us, the attention 

 of collectors may be particularly directed to the acquisition of ad- 

 ditional specimens. Most of the species of Fossil Tortoises fi'om the 

 Siwaliks exhibit an intimate affinity with those now inhabiting 

 India, and afford one of the strongest arguments for the late 

 geological age of these deposits. 



The following is a summary of the genera and species described 

 by Mr. Lydekker in this Memoir : — 



Family I. Testudinid^. 



Genus 1. Colossochelys atlas, Falc. & Cautl. (4 other species described, but not named). 



Family II. EmydiDjE. 



Genus 1. Clemmys, sp. 1. C. sivalensis, Theo. 



2. ,, hydaspica, Lyd. 



3. „ theohaidi, „ 



4. ,, punjahiensis, Lyd. 



5. ,, sp. indet. 



6. ,, palceindica, Lyd. 



7. ,, sp. indet. 



Genus 2. Fangshura, sp. 1. P.flaviventris, Gunth. 



2. ,, sp. indet. 



3. Batagur, sp. 1. B. Falconeri, Lyd. 



2. ,, Bakeri, Lyd. 



3. „ Durandi, Lyd. 



4. ,, sp. indet. 



5. ,, Cautleyi, Lyd, 

 Family III. TrionychiDjE. 



Genus 1. Emyda, sp. 1. E. vittata, Peters. 



2. ,, lineata, Lyd. 



3. ,, Sivalensis, Lyd. 



4. ., palceindica, Lyd. 

 Genus 2. Trionyx, sp. 1. T. Oangeticus, Ouvier. 



2. ,, sp. indet. 



3. „ sp. „ 

 Genus 3. Chitra, sp. 1. Ck. indica. Gray. 



The ten plates which illustrate the work are in every way 

 worthy of so excellent a monograph, and reflect the highest credit 

 upon the artist. 



VI. — Geology of South Australia. 

 1. — Notes on the Echunga Gold-Field. By Henry Y. Lyell- 

 Brown, F.G.S., Government Geologist. With a coloured 

 Geological Map. (Adelaide, 1885.) 



IN these Notes, Mr. H. Y. L. Brown has gathered together all the 

 available information about Echunga, a gold-field which appears to 



