COMl'OSITiE. 23 



entire border. Pappus caduVous, consisting of denticulate hairs 

 arranged in several rows and free to the base. Clinanth hairy. 



Large herbs with the leaves not spinous nor decurrent, the 

 radical ones cordate at the base. Periclincs globose or ovoid, 

 readily attaching themselves to the clothes of passers-by and coats 

 of animals by their hooked phyllaries. Flowers rose or purple. 



The name of this genus of jilauts is said to come from npK-og (arklos), a bear, from 

 the roughness of its gh)bul;ir heads. 



SPECIES I.— ARCTIUM MA JUS. SchJcuhr. 



Plate DCXCIX 



Jieich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XV. Tab. DCCCXII. Fig. 2. 



Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 1904. 



Bab. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. iii. Vol XV. p. 9. 



A. majus et A. tomentosum, Bah. Man. Brit. Bot. ed. v. p. 15G. 



A. Lappa [Linn.), var. o, Hook. & Am. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p. 234. 



Lappa ni.ijor, Giirtn. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ, et Helv. ed. ii. p. 4C3. Gr. & Godr. Fl. 



de Fr. Vol. II. p. 280. Fnes, Sum. Veg. Scaud. p. 5. 

 L. officinalis, All. Reich. 1. c, p. 54. 



Radical leaves broadly ovate, cordate, repand-denticulate ; 

 petioles solid. Anthodes in a lax corymb at the extremity of 

 the stem and principal branches. Periclinc globular in flower, 

 not umbilicatc at the base, glabrous or nearly so ; phyllaries 

 subulate, about as long as the florets. Limb of the corolla 

 campanulate-cylindrical, attenuated at the base, not constricted 

 below the teeth, glabrous ; tube much longer than the limb, and 

 much narrower at the base than the top of the fruit. 



In waste places and by roadsides and borders of fields. Appa- 

 rently common in England, but I have never seen it in Scotland, 

 though as it is marked " S." in Professor Babington's Manual, 

 no doubt it occm-s there. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Biennial. Autumn. 



Stem 3 to 4 feet high, with divaricate branches. Radical leaves 

 very large, on long solid petioles, furrowed above. Anthodes stalked, 

 1 inch or more across, in lax few-flowered corymbs at the extremity 

 of the main stem and principal branches and on shorter stalks, and 

 sub-solitary from the axils of the lower leaves, glabrous or very 

 slightly arachnoid. Phyllaries sub-triquetrous in the middle, 

 sul)ulate at the point, tlic apex of which forms a small hook, 

 green or tinged with purple, the outer ones spreading, the inner 

 ones scarious and purple, all terminated by a sharp-pointed hook. 

 Flowers purple, with dark-purple stamens and whitish styles. 



