COMPOSITiE. 15 



In moist meadows. Rather rare ; not extending North of 

 York, Shropshire, and North Wales. 



England, Ireland. Perennial. Late Summer 

 and Autumn. 



Eootstock short, oblique, with the radical fibres generally 

 slender, but sometimes, though very rarely, they are nearly as mucli 

 thickened as in C. tuberosus. Stem erect, G inches to 2 feet high, 

 generally simple, or Tvith one or two branches, with few leaves, and 

 these mostly below the middle of the stem. Leaves generally undi- 

 vided, merely toothed along the edge, but sometimes the divisions 

 between the teeth extend half-way down or more, so that the leaf 

 becomes pinnatifid : the lobes then are sometimes much angulated, 

 though, in all the specimens I have seen, with much shorter second- 

 ary lobes than those of C. tuberosus. The stem-leaves have much 

 broader auricled bases than those of C. tuberosus, and all are much 

 more arachnoid-floccose beneath. The periclines are more arach- 

 noid, their outer scales more acuminated, and the inner with longer 

 and narrower points. The flowers are of the same dark purplish- 

 crimson. Corolla and achenes also similar to those of C. tuberosus. 

 The whole plant is, however, softer and of a lighter green, and the 

 leaves are much whiter beneath than in any of the preceding species. 



Meadow- Tliistle. 



French, Cirse des Pres, ou d, Angleterre. German, Engllsche Kratzdistd. 



SPECIES IX.-C A RDU US HETEROPH YLLUS. Linn. 



Plate DCXCI. 



lieich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XY. Tab. DCCCXXXVIII. 



Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 2493. 



Cirsium heteropliyllum, jIW. Kocli, Syn. Fl. Germ, et Helv. ed. ii. p. 456. i^/ies, Sum. 



Veg. Scand."p. 5. Gr. & Godr. Fl. de Fr. Vol. II. p. 222. 

 Cnicus heterophyllus, Willd. Hook. & Am. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p. 237. 



Perennial. Eootstock stoloniferous, with slender cylindrical 

 fibres. Stem erect, simple or slightly branched, not winged. 

 Radical leaves stalked, elliptical - lanceolate, finely dentate and 

 spinous-ciliate ; stem-leaves sessile, amplexicaul, the upper ones 

 enlarged at tlie base, with rounded auricles, generally undivided, 

 but the lower stem-leavi s are sometimes finely dentate, more 

 rarely laciniate-pinnatifid with the segments pinnatifid and point- 

 ing towards the apex of the leaf, upper ones entire ; all flaccid ; 

 not undulated, setose-ciliate, and cottony-white beneath. Anthodes 

 without floral leaves at the base, solitary at the extremity of the 

 stem and branches, rarely 2 or 3 aggregated at the extremity of 

 the main stem. Pericline glabrous, ovate-globose, depressed at. 



