200 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



Var. a, gentiinwm. 



Stem slender, with several or numerous leaves. Leaves strap- 

 shaped - elliptical or elliptical ; radical leaves withering hefore 

 flowering. Authodes rather large. Styles livid-yellow. 



Var. ^, latifolium. Back. 



Stem stout, with few leaves. Leaves broadly elliptical or 

 oval-elliptical, those in the middle attenuated towards each end ; 

 radical leaves sub-persistent. Anthodes large. Styles pure yeUow. 



On heathy and grassy plains. la sub-alpine districts. In Wales, 

 on Cader Idris, Snowden, and about Llanberis ; Teesdalc, York- 

 shire; Clova and Braemar, Scotland. Var. 0, heathy hillocks, 

 near Kirktown of Clova ; Connemara and Carrickfergus, Ireland. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Autumn. 



Apparently a very variable plant, with which I have but an 

 imperfect acquaintance, having seen but few specimens. Stem 1 

 to 4 feet high, erect, rigid, in var. a with numerous narrow leaves. 

 Anthodes large. Phyllaries obtuse, nearly glabrous, but usually 

 with a line of short white or white-tipped hairs in the middle ot 

 each, or sometimes gland-tipped hairs. 



Fries makes the chief difference between his H. Gothicum and 

 H. Norvegicum consist in the former having gland-tipped hairs 

 on the blackish-green sub-glabrous phyllaries, while the latter has 

 glandless white hau's on its pale stellately - downj^ phyllaries. 

 We appear to have both plants, but the glandular phyllaries do 

 not always occur on the narrow-leaved plants, nor are the gland- 

 less hairs confined to the broad-leaved forms ; so that the latter 

 cannot belong to H. Norvegicum of Fries, as suspected by Professor 

 Babington. Were it not for the differences of a similar nature 

 which occur between diilerent forms of H. vulgatum, I could 

 hardly have believed that the var. latifolium covdd be properly 

 united with the ordinary state of H. Gothicum. 



All the forms of H. Gothicum seem to be distinguishable from 

 those of n. vulgatum with leafy stems by the larger anthodes and 

 the sub-glabrous periclinc with blunt phyllaries. 



I must confess that I do not well understand the limits 

 assigned to H. Gothicum by Mr. Backhouse : some of the specimens 

 in Mr. H. C. Watson's Herbarium and in my own, which have 

 been named H. Gothicum by Mr. Backhouse, 1 should have called 

 H. vulgatum, others H. boreale. 



Naked-headed Jlawkweed. 



