NATIVE PUEBLOS (OE TILLAGES). 



IGl 



Most of tlie atove yillases are in tlie main 



Otliers 



mcli as tlie Pueblos da Toas, Laguna, Aeomaj San Domingo 

 md' others, occupy isolated positions on some of the tributary 

 streams. The villages in the Rio Grande valley differ bui 

 Httle from those of the Mexicans. exccDt that the houses are 



arger and loftier. 



of onlv one storv. but 



flat 



capable of containing several families : the 



he earth 

 lace of 



J 



the roofs. In the centre of the chief house in the 



good-sized room, partly formed by excavation into 



is usually to be found. This is the estufa^ or 



Tship, where the 



cd fire was formerly 



urmng, and wher 



all religious services used to be 



efore the Indians became Christians. IS'ow it is used in 

 3st villages only as a council chamber; but Colonel M'Leod, 

 Santa Fe, assures me that in some places the sacred fii-e is 



b 



o? 



per mi 



her 



Each pueblo has a separate government of its own 

 sisting, first, of a cat 

 the men advanced in 



emor 



} 



the sages, 



m 



osen from amongst 

 fact. The cacique 

 liolds office for life, he presides over the council, and is 

 chosen for his wisdom. His decisions are usually adopted. 

 Secondly a war captain is selected from amongst the braves, 



who 



arranges 



all campaigns made against an enemy 



J 



and 



;hh 



or master of the horse, as we should 



call him — has the management of 



he__ 

 church 



Thi 



1 



the fiscal -major and his assistants 



regulate 



s, repair the churches, & 



Perienced men 



^H officer 

 suffi-age. 



VOL. I. 



8 except 



The old and ex- 



ly are the law-makers, and elect 



cique, who is chosen by imiversal 



people of the villages do not all speak the 



