CONQUEEED BY THE SPANIARDS. 229 



lesser ones now worn away, were inhabited; and the country, 

 according to Spanish accounts, was very fairly populated. 

 At first tlie Spaniards were received with confidence and 

 kindness : they seem to have been welcomed, by a race 

 striving after civilisation, as superior beings come to belp 

 them in their struggle against barbarism. But tbey soon 

 found that conquest and conversion by force to a new creed 

 were tbe ruling passions of tbe intruders, and that they must 

 fight to the last to protect theii' Homes. 



From the scraps of information furnished us by Spanish 

 missionaries and commanders we know that the stand these 

 people made for freedom was a long and gallant one. But it 

 was, of course, useless. 



The Papagos, who rendered so much assistance to the 



earliest pioneers, made a most protracted resistance ; and, 



after years of warfare, at last united in a body, invoked their 



deity, who was supposed to live on the smnmit of Babu- 



quivari peak, placed all their families, cattle, and worldly 



goods in a situation of safety, and risked and lost their all 



in one final battle. Since then they have forsaken their old 



faith, and remained in peace with the Mexicans. 



P All the Pueblos were at last subdued, even to the Moquis, 



I far to the northward, who, before the middle of the seven- 



1 tecnth century, had been " wholly converted and reduced " 



by the zeal of the Franciscans. 



Until 1680, the Spaniards appear to have held imdisputed 



sway everywhere ; and they adopted their usual course of 



.' . enslaving the entire population. They colonised the country 



in considerable numbers, explored the moimtains for precious 



. metals, and did a great deal of mining in many places. 



If slavery when applied to field labour is destructive to 

 life, what must it be when directed to mining ? By means of 



I 



