112 GEOLOGY. 
General section of the rocks of Kansas valley from the Cretaceous down, so as to include portions of 
the Upper Coal measures. 
Feet. 
1. Red, brown, and yellowish, rather coarse-grained sandstone, often obliquely 
laminated, and containing many ferruginous concretions ; also, fossil wood and 
many leaves of dicotyledonous trees, some of which batoiiy to existing gen- 
era, and others to genera peculiar to the Cretaceous epoch. Locality, summit 
of Smoky Hills... +++ s+cees vec cee cence cece ny cane ee ees eee ee eee nes 60 
2. Whitish, very fine-grained argillaceous sandstone, underlaid by bluish purple 
and ash-colored clays. Locality same as preceding.+-- +++: +++++rrrrsreeeeee 15 
3. Long, gentle slope, with occasional outcrops of ash-colored red, blue, and whit- 
ish, more or less laminated clays, with thin beds of sandstone. Locality same 
as preceding, and extending down at places nearly or quite to the bluffs of Smoky 
Hill river; THIGKNGBE SDOTE «© << okie seeker ste c cceee ces v be wish eeu eee 200 
4. Red sandstone, with some layers of hard, light gray calcareous ditto, and both 
containing ferruginous concretions. Locality, bluffs Smoky Hill river, five or 
six miles above Grand Saline river. Probably local, thickness seen about---- - 15 
5. Bluish, red, light-yellow, and gray clays, and soft claystones, with sometimes a 
few thin layers of magnesian limestone. In many places these clays have been 
traversed in every direction by cracks, into which calcareous and argillaceous 
matter have found their way, and subsequently become consolidated so as to 
form thin seams of impure yellowish limestone, which cross and intersect each 
other at every angle. The red clays are usually less distinctly laminated, con- 
tain more arenaceous matter, and often show ripple-marks on the surfaces. 
Locality, bluffs along Smoky Hill river, above the mouth of the Grand Saline---- 60 
6. Light gray, ash-colored, and red clays, sometimes arenaceous, and often trav- 
ersed by cracks, filled with calcareous matter as in the bed above—alternating 
with thin layers and seams of gypsum. Locality, near mouth of Smoky Hill 
Wes = Ub cl be eet ack Sacer ss © 4 yodcs vic. bian § SAEs Bae SA aks Vibe bob fete. oie 40 
7. Rather compact amorphous white gypsum, with near the base disseminated 
crystals, dark colored ditto. Locality same as last...+++ +--+ seer errr eree es 41 to 5 
8. Alternations of ash-colored, more or less arenaceous clays, with thin beds and 
seams of gypsum above; towards lower part, thin layers of claystone, and at 
some places soft magnesian limestone. Locality same as last -+--+++++ +--+ +++: 50 
9. Rough conglomerated mass, composed of fragments magnesian limestone and 
sandstone, with sometimes a few quartz pebbles, cemented by calcareous and 
arenaceous matter; variable in thickness and probably local. Locality, 
south side Smoky Hill river, ten or twelve miles below Solomon's Fork. Seen---- 18 
10. —— light-gray, and red laminated clays, with seams and beds of yellowish 
TPR limestone, containing Monotis Hawni, Myalina perattenuata, Pleuro- 
? subcuneata, Edmondia? Calhouni, Pecten undt. and Spirigera near S. 
subtilita; also Nautilus eccentricus, Bakevellia parva, Leda subscitula, Axinus ro- 
tundatus, and undetermined species of Bellerophon, Murchisonia, &e. Locality, 
near Smoky Hill viver, on high country south of Fort Riley, as well as on Cotton- 
ty Meood creek = Ss £55 GV B aaa eda His diced bss w Lacey cade Si eG 90 
11. Light grayish and yellow magnesian limestone, in layers and beds sometimes 
ae alternating with bluish and other colored clays, and containing Solemya, a My- 
— alina, near M. squamosa, Pleuwrophorus? —— Bakevellia parva, Pecten 
undt., and a Huomphalus near E. rugosus; also, a Spirigera allied to S. subtilita, 
but more gibbous, Orthisina umbraculum? O. Bidinaedions, ce. Locality, sum- 
mit of the hills near Fort Riley, and above there; also seen on Cottonwood Sata ws 25 to 39 
