580 INTRODUCTION OF CAMELS. 
that of most other domesticated animals. ‘“ He has followed,” 
says Mr. Gliddon, “the radiations of war, commerce, and emi- 
In the journeys made by the patriarchs of the Scriptures into Egypt they 
were accompanied by camels; these animals were also employed in bearing 
the productions of Arabia to that country, but they were aie the property 
of aliens, and their residence there was but temporar “during the stay 
of the Hebrews in the land of Goshen, no allusion is ae to camels, save in 
Exodus, ix. 3, whether owned by themselves or by their Egyptian rulers. On 
the contrary, the especial mention of asses as the animals on which Jacob’s sons 
carried their sacks of corn over the desert of the Isthmus of Suez *—of wagons 
en by the Egyptians to bring up Jacob from Canaan +—of cattle, horses, 
8, and asses, as the only zodlogical enti the famishing Egyptians could 
give in exchange for bread,}—combined with the notable fact that, in the ac- 
count of the Mosaic exodus, horses attached to chariots and cattle are the only 
quadr rupeds enumerated ;—all these accumulated evidences, I repeat, amply 
confirm hieroglyphical and historical negatives of the naturalization of camels 
in Egypt, at any time prior to the Persian invasion, B. C. 525.” (@liddon’s 
Memoir, MS.) 
One of the most elaborate treatises on the geographical distribution of the 
camel in the Old World, is that of the distinguished geographer and ethnologist 
Karl Ritter, whe in his great work has devoted 150 pages to the history of this 
quadruped. I how the wide 
extent of ie present diffesion of the camel. These weeeal limits are established 
as follows :—“ Towards eastern and south-eastern Asia, by the tropical, sultry, 
siatikines, Ia, and Farther Indian climate of the Elephant-land and fluvial 
Ot 
zone, towards the north (from the Erythrean East to the Atlantic West), 1 
exhibited without limit, as far as the Berber races, as well as Moors and Bedou- 
ins, inhabit the Sahara and the Oases. But south of that it is limited by the 
zone of tropical rains, or the wet season, along the valleys of the Senegal, the 
Niger system, and the Bahr el-Abiad. Here the expanse of sand and gravel 
changes into a luxuriant, thickly-wooded, fruit-bearing soil, re to inunda- 
tion, i which the organization of this desert-animal shrinks back, and 
where heuine the belt of the central Negro States of Soudan, or om ge of the 
Black: whom asses and bullocks, as universal beasts of transport, thrive, 
being better suited to the climate, or where the negro has become his own 
bear rer of burdens.” § 
» 
* Genesis, xiii, 27; xliii. 18,24 + Jd. xlv. 01, 97sandxlvid. —-¢ Jd. xivil. IT. 
§ Karl Ritter, Asien, | 
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