156 Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Lous 
mound, “c” for cemetery, “s” for shelter, “p” for petroglyph 
locations and “‘m’” for bone ne Any physical grouping of sites 
such as a cemetery and village was called a location, Each suc- 
cessive location has been identified by a Roman numeral." 
Cultures have been identified on the basis of a compilation of 
lists of determinants or traits that are characteristic or diagnostic 
of cultural units. A cultural unit that has a number of common 
fundamental determinants is a pattern. A pattern is divided into 
phases which have a significant or minor number of traits im 
common. Phases are subdivided into smaller divisions which are 
known as aspects and have an approximate majority of deter- 
minants in common. Finer distinctions or cultural units that have 
large numbers of determinants result from further subdivision 
of the aspect into foci. A single cultural manifestation at any one 
location is a component but often there is evidence of more than 
one cultural unit on a site. 
Cultural evidence at most of the sites that have been in- 
vestigated? has been divided into patterns and phases only. 
POTTERY ANALYSIS 
Dr. James Griffin of the ceramic laboratory at the University 
of Michigan examined a collection of representative pottery 
sherds from sites in this area, except the large number of sherds 
from the Herrell village Jv55.3 On the basis of this analysis a 
list of pottery wares was formulated that was usable for this 
area.* 
e have used terms Daeg in the Glossary of Rediscovering 
Illinois by Dr. Fa cooper Cole and Dr. Thorne Deuel exceP 
where we have found need to add, define or modify and redefine 
new terms. 
*We have followed the pattern of cultural unit description officially 
recognized by scientists for the eastern half of the United pe 
- a 
ro 
as an Aid to Archaeological Study by W. McKern, American 
V, No. 4, Nov. 11, 1939, pp. 301 - 313. 
8The results of this st udy are Peas issued by Dr. Griffin in The 
Missouri: Archaeologist, Vol 7; No, 2, 3941. 
‘In our pottery sleseiiecstians the community was first determined 
and the pottery description of each co mmunity was considere - 
only as a part of the complete culture inventory. 
