Archaeological Investigations in Jefferson County, Mo. 217 
Mississippi phase include chipped hoes, columellae of the Busy- 
con shell used either as an implement or an ornament, perforated 
or cut mussel shells used as spoons or hoes, several pottery 
shapes, use of clay slips, pottery “trowels,” St. Jo Polish Plain 
ware, tendency to use smaller thinner ware for burials than for 
everyday use, pottery pipes including the obtuse angle and bowl 
form for use with reed stem, large numbers of textile impressed 
pottery sherds with more than one type of weaving and more 
than one rectangular house type. Two traits are linked with the 
Middle or Lower Mississippi phase, namely etched designs and 
large square buildings with four central posts. 
It is interesting to note that neither the Kimmswick nor the 
Plattin has yet been shown to have been historic in this area. 
VII. SUMMARY OF CULTURAL PHASES 
PROBABLE RELATIVE SEQUENCE? 
The following are outlines of the probable sequence of 
components investigated during the 1939-40 field season: 
Woodland with Mississippi influence phase 
Jol, J935?, Jv5, J87 two late occupations, J830 late occupations,* 
J83 ae occupations.* 
iddle Mississippi phas 
Jo40, ee yraa’, Peas®, 7e21, J87 one late occupation.* 
Woodland phase 
J¥62, J°57 primary occupations and two intrusive burials.* J87 
middle occupations, J830 earliest occupation,* J83 earliest oc- 
cupations.* 
1Actual stratigraphic sequence indicated by asterisks. 
2Charred wooden beams have been sent to the dendrochronological 
libeatainis: at ie University of Chicago for analysis. 
%According to a communication from Mr. John Bennett of the 
University of Chicago, several of the traits of the Kimmswick 
focus suggest generalized traits found in supposedly early mani- 
festations of the Middle Mississippi phase on the Tennessee River 
bases ; large, square, tio structure; small, rectangular, domes- 
tic structur re; pit t-buri s with red ocher in floor below mound; 
small-grain corn. oer these presumably “early” traits occur 
anges on bowls, engraved plate rims, shell artifacts, ane 
other elements usually considered comparatively late in the Mi 
dle Mississippi phase 
: 
