ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIST. 



205 



of the moths being simple ; their upper wings 

 being twice as long as broad, and arching in 

 front from the shoulder; and by a tufted thorax. 

 They rest with the wings in the shape of a roof, 

 but rounded above, and somewhat approaching 

 each other beyond the body. The sexes difter 

 but slightly. 



" It is quite probable that this species is not 

 confined to the Tigridia, but will be found to 

 attack the whole lily family, or at least the 

 Iridacew; and I name it, therefore, in honor of 

 yourself." Mrs. Mary Treat. 



ViNELAND, N. J., \\m\, 18TU, 



[For the benefit of the scientific reader, we 

 annex descriptions of these two insects in their 

 difl'erent stages: 



TiiK RAsi-iiERRY Geometeu {Ajilodes rubivora, Uiley.) — 

 Lncuff— Average length 0.80 inch; lO-ligged. Color yellow- 

 ish gray, very minutely shagreened all over, ami with other 

 warty prominences as at Figure l-i.'i b. Each joint with a 

 proiiiinent, pointed, straight projecti on each side of dorsum, 

 and several minor prickles below Two very slightly laised , 

 longitudinal, light-colored lines along dorsum, between the 

 prominent prickles. Feeds on the fruit and leaves of the 

 Raspberry, and disguises itself by attaching to its prickles, 

 and especially to the dorsal ones, pieces of dried berry, seed, 

 pollen, anthers, and other debris ofthe fruit These loreign 

 substances are fastened to the iirickli-s by aid of the mouth, 

 from wnich a viscid silkv matter is emitted for the purpose 

 P«/ia.— Length O.M inch. Formed within a slight cocoon. 

 Pale yellow, rnolining to flesh-color, with a darker dorsal 

 line, a row of dark spots each side, and with longitudinal 

 dark lines on wing-sheaths and antenna;: two slight pro- 

 jections anteriorly just above the eyes. Appears minutely 

 speckled under lens. 



Perfect Insect.— A\ar expanse .lO inch, length of body 

 0.25 inch Color verdigris-green, the scales being sparse 

 and sprinkled over a light ground, so that the wings, when 

 the least rubbed, appear sub-hyaline. Head short, lulvous; 

 eyes inclining to green, with a deejier border; palpi pale; 

 antenme scarcely reaching to inner transverse line of front 

 wing, white and conve.x abovi', fulvous and concave be- 

 neath; stout at base (where they are connected by a white 

 transvei-se piece) and tapering to a line point; those of the 

 male fringed, those of the female simple. Thorax green on 

 a fulvous ground. Abdomen slightly gi-cen on a fulvous 

 ground, and with a whitish spot above, at base. Front- 

 wings with two transverse light lines dividing the wing 

 into three jiarts. proportienate, on oosta, as 3, 4, 3 count- 

 ing from base; the outer line scarcely sinuate and nearly 

 parallel with posterior margin, being a little produced 

 posteriorly between nerves 3 and 4; the inner line more 

 decidedly sinuate and reaching the costa and inner margin 

 at about the same distance from base; costa broadly white 

 about the middle; posterior margin with a line white line; 

 fringes green; under surface silvery, with a tinge ol green 

 and with the transverse lines barelv Indicated, mnd-winijs 

 with two similar transvei-se lines, dividing the wing in 

 like proportion, the outer line produced posteriorly between 

 nerves 2 and 3; posterior border and fringe as in front- 

 wings; under surface uniformly silvery-white, the lines 

 barely indicated in certain lights Legs short, the thighs 

 of the Urst four inclining to green and their shanks to 

 fulvous. Described from 2 jj uud 3 J bred specimens, in 

 two of which there is, on front-wings, a faint line ru.iuing 

 to about one-third of wing from costa, between the two 

 transverse lines. 



This species resembles the glaucaria of Guenee, but is 

 evidentiv distinct, if we are to judge from his description. 

 We have' another very closely allied sptcies in this country, 

 and one which is more common than rubivora It may be 

 known as the Yellow-lined Geometer Uploies flamhneata) , 

 and it mav be at once distinguished from rabiiiora by its 

 somewhat larger size, by the transverse lines being broader, 

 ijellow or fulvoui instead of white, and dividing the wings 

 Into three more nearly ecpial i)art9; by the outer lines run- 

 ning almost straight across bolli wings; by the inner ones 

 on the front wings being nmeh areiiated towards base near 

 the costa, and on the hind wings being sub-obsolete; and 

 lastly by the broad yellow coslal and uosterior border. Ihe 

 larva ot this species has been I'.mnd by Mr. P. S. hprague. 

 of Boston, Mass , feeding on the llowers of some composite 

 plant, and it is nirnished with similar spines and has the 

 same habit of disguising itself as that of rubivora These 

 are the only twoNorth Americvin Geometers, the larvie ol 

 which are known to be furnished wi.h such spines; though 



that of Htpparchiarus rcnustus, Walsh, has curled lateral 

 velvety appendages,* and that at Nematocampafilamenlaria, 

 Guen.', has two pairs of long curled lllaments on joints li 

 andS.t / 



Our Figure 12.'i represents the larva of rubivora, natural ^ 

 size at a; an enlarged lateral view of a segment at b; the 

 moth natural size at c (the second half-line on hind wings is 

 a mistake of the engraver), and an enlarged outline ol the 

 wings at d (the posterior lineon hind wings is not sulliciently 

 produced behind, between nerves 2 and 3) . 



Tub VEunENA Biu-.MoTii— Pen/ftiim Fullerra, Kiley.— 

 L(ii-TO .—Average length .'jii inch. General .-fil.irof a uni- 

 form dull carneous, frei|ucnlly inelining to yellciw ami to 

 green; two wrinkles on each joint, head jet-black, without 

 a spot or shade; cervical shield also black, and occupying 

 the whole upper surface of joint 1; piliferous spots in the 

 normal |iositiiin, but scarcely observable, even with a lens, 

 except liy tlie huirs proeeedinglVom them; Ihoracic, abdom- 

 inal and' anal legs, and venter, of the same color as upper 

 surface. 



Pupn.— Average length 0.25 inch; of the usual fonii, with a 

 ilislinct row of teeth above, on the anterior jiortion of each 

 segment, and a few minule bristles at the extremity and 

 along the sides Formed within a silken cocoon, constructed 

 within the seeii or buil which the larva inhabits: it forces 

 itself half way out at one side, when the moth is about to 

 emerge. 



Perfect Insect —War exiianse 0..')0 inch; length 0.23 inch. 

 Head, with buff-brown tufts; eyes and palpi at tips some- 

 what darker; antenna; short (one-third length of front-wing) , 

 fiilifonii and simple in both sexes. Thorax- with the shoulder 

 pieces and dorsal tuft of the same buff-brown. Abdomen 

 more grav Front wints, ground-color silvery-grav, willi 

 metallic blue reflections more or less intense; ibe lighter 

 parts flesh-colored, with a silvery lustre, and the whole 



itricatelv shaded 

 flgnre. the light i 



111 dark Vandvke-brown, as i'l the 



llroted rr'oiii the edges of scales, r 



which are beaiitil'iilly .-liin-led tniii,sver...ely. Tliereare three 

 principal ilark-hrowii nnrk.^, iiam.lv, one broad and irreg- 

 ular. eios.Miig Ihe win^- a little- liey.>iid the middle, and 

 iiiviuialilv c.nlniiiiiigii more or less eoinplele pule ring on 

 the po.~te'ri,.r li.inler just within ihe anterior nied an c.-H: 

 and another, subobsolete, opposite, on its inner lun-der; lie- 

 tween this transverse band and the base is a smaller, irreg- 

 ular, brown mark, not extending to inner margin; and 

 between the pale ring above describi'd and ape.x ot wing a 

 third conspicuous brown niaik, not extending more than one- 

 third the width "f wing. Each ofthse .lark marks i^rehevecl 

 by a pale border ami belweeii them, the brown, blue and 

 flesh-color are intrieatr-ly niixial: apex rounded; posterior 

 border dark, with a series of eight or nine more or less dis- 

 tinct rust-brown angular spots, just inside, the two largest 

 being costal; fringes dark brown, with a deep blue gloss 

 Hind winqs light brown, becoming deeper around the pos- 

 terior margin; fringes lighter. Whole un 1. r -mlio, of a 

 unifonn lead.n-hrown- that lef front wing- ^ ' ' K'sl 



and showing .■o>lal marks No sexual .1 II. -, i n\ . 



the narrower and less pointed c? ubilom.n lh^> ,,ih,i imm 

 numerous bred ^p,eini.n>. tbo.~e bre.l lioo, \ orLrna nods 

 showing no <liffeleni-es whatever Irom lllosy l.nd Iroiii dry 

 Tigridia seed. Our ligiire PiH lepreseiitsan inlesle.l I rign ha 

 seed (1) , the larva naUual size (2) the same migmiied (Jj, 

 the pupa shell (4) , and the enlarged moth (.i) . -tb ] 



• Proc. Bost Poe. Not. lliet.. IX, pp. aod-i 

 + Packard, Guide, etc , p. 321. 



A Chrysali.s Flyixg.— Happening to be in 

 my garden about the middle of June, I took to 

 watching some butterflies flying among the cab- 

 bages. My attention was attracted to one by 

 having, as it seemed to me, something strange 

 on its back; I thought at first sight that it was 

 being attacked bv some ferocious insect; but 

 on capturing it, "which I succeeded in doing 

 without diflacnltv, as its flight was a little heavy, 

 I was not a little snrprised to find that the poor 

 Cabbage-butterflv (Pieris rapw) was encased 

 in its own chrysalis, its thorax and wings being 

 out and its body within the chrysalis. I tried 

 to extricate it from its peculiar position, but I 

 found that its body was so completely fixed 

 inside the chrvstilis,"that I could not get it out 

 without injuring the butterfly. I killed it just as 

 it was, ancl pinned it out; so it looks just like a 

 chrysalis with wings.— A. M. F., in Science 



