ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIST. 



273 



for, were this not the case, it would soon multiply- 

 to such a degree as to be beyond our control. 

 We know of no less than five distinct parasites 

 which attack it — some living singly in the body 

 of the caterpillar, and issuing from the chrysalis 

 without spinning any cocoon of their own ; others 

 living singly in the body, but forming a cocoon 

 of their own inside the chrysalis of their victim, 

 and still others infesting the caterpillar in great 

 numbers, and completely tilling the chrysalis 

 with their pupa?.* 



The best time to destroy these worms is soon 

 after tlioy hatch from their little round yellow 

 eggs, which are deposited in clusters; for, as 

 already intimated, they then feed together. 



With the exception of the Grape-berry Moth 

 (Penthina vitivorana, Pack. f), of which we gave 

 an account, which it is needless to I'epeat, on 

 pp. 177-179 of our first volume, wc have now 

 described all the insects belonging to the Scaly- 

 winged flies ( Lepidoptera) that can be considered 

 injurious to the Vine. There are several other 

 species of Lepidoptera which may occasionally 

 be met with in the vineyard, but they are either 

 very general feeders, which only exceptionally 

 stray on to the Vine, or of such rare occurrence 

 that they cannot possibly be included in the list 

 of G rape-vine depredators. In our next we shall 

 commence on the difiercnt Beetles (Colcoptera) 

 that belong to this list of bad Grape Bugs. 



* For the benellt of the scientific reader we enumerate the 

 live parasites which we have ascertained to infest this cater- 

 pillar: 1. Anomalon Jlavicorne (Bridle. Hjm. IV, p. 171). 

 i. Ichneumon subcyaneui, Cress. (l*roc. Ent. Soc. I'hila., Ill, 

 " p. 148), and Ich.pullalus, Cress. (Pro. E. S. P., Ill, p. UD), 

 described as distinct species, but pitUatus is evidently the 

 nuile and subcijaneus the female of the same species, as we 

 have bretl from Spitosoma virginica three males all answer- 

 ing to the description of the "former, and two females both 

 answering to the description of the latter. 3. Ichneumon 

 sifinatipes, ( ress. (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, I, p. 308). 



QpfttoTi 6i;inra(i(s, Say. (Ent. of N. A., I, p. 379). 5 Asmall 

 undetermined, and probably undescribrd, "" ' 

 iiig to the Ml 



id probably undescribrd, Dii)teron belong- 



tMr. P C. Zeller, of Stettin, Prussia, alter examining 

 specimens of our N. A species bred Irom grapes, informs 

 us that this moth is nothing more than the European Lobesia 

 botrana, which has long been known to injure grapes in 

 Southern Europe. Our Grape-beriy Jloth is therefore an 

 / imported species, and, in acconluiuc with the law of 

 priority, must henceforth be scientilicnlly known by the 

 European name. Thus we have .still uiH)t!n.r olour most in- 

 jurious species to add to the list of Inipnrti-d Insects, and 

 there is so great a similarity IietwiTii our iii.-^i-ct fauna and 

 that of Southern Eiu'ope, that a kiidwlid^'i- of i heir species is 

 often of great advantage in detunuiiiiiig our own. 



In a lecture on " Insect Pests,'' delivered by 

 Mr. Treat, before the Vineland Agricultural and 

 Horticultural Society, the lecturer advised his 

 hearers to carry all the toads they can find into 

 the garden, as they devour immense quantities 

 of insects. A toad will swallow the largest 

 specimen of a tomato worm, although sometimes 

 he evidentlv has a hard time of it. 



ENTOMOIiOGICAli JOTTINGS. 



[ We propoBP to publiBli from time to time, under tlio above lieadinK, such 

 cxtpaetM Iroin the lelterB ot our curieottuuileiita na contain tintomoloHical facts 

 worthy to be recorded, on account either of their acientiflc or of their practi- 

 cal iniponance. We hope our renderB will contribute each their Bcveral niltee 

 towarda the general ftind ; and in case they 



Eruati;m.— Page 2U, col. 2, Une 2-i, for "(C. 

 thy aides)" read '.'(C. disticha, Linn.)'' 



Cvpress-Gall — The AVuong Tree. — Savan- 

 nah, Tenn., June 24, 1870.— The Cypress-gall 

 which I sent you, and which you figured and 

 described on page 244 of this volume, was taken 

 from the Taxodlum distichum of llichard {Cup- 

 ressus disticha, Linn.) instead of the Cuprcssus 

 thy ides oilAnnxMS, as stated in the description. 

 The latter, growing in the lower Southern 

 States, is a small tree known to us by the com- 

 mon name of White Cedar, while the former is 

 our Cypress of the swamps — the only tree we 

 refer to as Cypress when not talking science. I 

 take all the blame to myself, for the mistake 

 doubtless grew out of my neglect to mention 

 upon what kind of cypress the gall occurred. 



J. P. S. 



Fighting Curculio — CentraUa, Ills., May 18, 

 1870. — We have made a grand war on the Cur- 

 culio, and I think have saved our peach crop. 

 The Little Turk has been caught here by thou- 

 sands this season, and we never had so fine a 

 prospect. M. M. IIooton. 



R.unsii Maggots — Newark, X. J. June 8, '70. 

 — I send you some pupoe of Radish Maggots. 

 These maggots spoil the greater part of my first 

 crop of radishes, operating a little below the 

 surface of the ground. At first there is a streak, 

 slightly discolored, near the centre of the radish 

 about an inch under ground, ami soon there 

 will be a depression opposite that part. In a 

 little time this part of the radish will be com- 

 presised in size, and within, it will be perforated 

 through and through, just as the apple is with 

 the Apple Maggot ( Trypeta pomonelbi, Walsh.) 

 Radishes planted later do not suffer. We now 

 have the secontl planting, and it is almost free. 

 I gathered the whole crop that was infected, 

 putting them in boxes of earth, and then cover- 

 ed them about two inches with more earth, and 

 I have hundreds in the pupa state — some to send 

 to you, more for myself, and siill more for some 

 pet chickens that follow me closely in all my 

 garden operations. Occasionally I have to 

 shoot some roving torn cats, that think young 

 chickens their game. Such dead cats I allow to 

 lie in the walks, as a warning to other cats, till 

 they become too offensive to be longer above 

 ground. They are then buried about a foot deep. 

 In eight days more, if the weather is hot, the 

 little chickens scratch over those graves from 

 morning till night. Sometimes I help them 



