PARASITES OF ANIMALS. 335 
importance of good feeding; and, 2d. The value of a free 
supply of salt. Most English flock-masters speak of the ne- 
cessity of keeping the lambs in good condition, partly with 
the view of enabling them to prevent the worms from effect- 
ing a lodgment in their bodies, but mainly to enable them 
to survive the depressing effects attendant on the presence of 
the parasite. One man finds that the fatality of the disease 
diminishes very materially where his lambs are fed roots; an- 
other lauds oil-cake as being nearly a preventive, and a third 
saves most of his lambs by feeding well after weaning. The 
disease is found to be quite as prevalent in wet seasons as in 
dry ones, if not more so, but the mortality always increases 
with the dryness, and the lack of nutrient food. The use of 
salt is based on the fact elucidated by Dr. Crisp and others, 
that contact with a solution of this agent is promptly fatal to 
the young worms. 
Remedial Treatment.—This resolves itself into: 1st. Sup- 
porting the strength of the animal; 2d. Destroying the in- 
testinal and pulmonary parasites; and 3d. Combating pneu- 
monia or any other complication which may supervene.  At- 
tention must, of course, be given to prevent the access of 
more parasites to the system by partaking of contaminated 
food, water, or mingling with diseased flocks or herds. 
To support the strength, the patients must be liberally fed 
on oil-cake, rape-cake, roots, corn, oats, beans, or other sound 
nutritious diet, to which may be added a mixture, in equal 
parts, of powdered sulphate of iron, gentian, and ginger, in 
the proportion of four ounces of the mixture to every ten 
calves, daily—lambs may take two ounces to the same num- 
ber, daily, at three months old. 
To destroy the intestinal parasites, common table salt may 
be given to lambs in doses of a teaspoonful every other morn- 
ing, dissolved in water, and to calves in doses of three tea- 
spoonfuls. Oil of turpentine is perhaps, more efficient, and 
may be given to strong three months lambs in doses of two 
teaspoonfuls, or to calves of the same age in doses of a table- 
spoonful, well shaken up in milk. These doses should be 
given in the morning fasting, and repeated the third day. 
