The Migration of North American Birds 



147 



HEPATIC TANAGER 



The Hepatic Tanager (Piranga hepatica) is one of the Mexican birds which 

 reaches the United States only along the southwestern border. Owing to its 

 Hmited distribution and to its frequenting the less inhabited parts of the United 

 States there are comparatively few data on its migration. The range of the 

 typical subspecies {Piranga hepatica hepatica), the only one occurring in the 

 United States, extends from central western Texas, central New Mexico, and 

 northwestern Arizona south over the table-land of Mexico to Guatemala. 

 Another race, the Mexican Hepatic Tanager {Piranga hepatica dextra), occupies 

 eastern Mexico from the state of Vera Cruz north to Nuevo Leon. 



SPRING MIGRATION 



LOCALITY 



Number 



of years' 



record 



Average date of 

 spring arrival 



Earliest date of 

 spring arrival 



Hachita Grande Mountain, N. M 



Huachuca Mountains, Ariz 



Tombstone, Ariz 



Paradise Ariz 



2 



April 27 



May 19, 1892 

 April II, 1902 

 April 20, 191 2 

 April 24, 1913 







FALL MIGRATION 



LOCALITY 



Number 



of years' 



record 



Average date of 

 last one observed 



Latest date of 

 last one observed 



Apache, N. M 



Huachuca Mountains, Ariz 



Tombstone, Ariz 





September 2 



September 14, 1886 

 October 25, 1907 

 September 20, 1913 



PURPLE MARTIN 



The Purple Martin has a wide distribution and is well known wherever it 

 lives. It is the earliest spring migrant to enter the United States from the south, 

 so early, in fact, that we can with difficulty believe that it does not pass the 

 winter in the United States. There is apparently, however, a period of a month 

 or two during December and January when it is not found even in southern 

 Florida, although it appears sometimes as early as January 20, and has been 

 seen as late as December 18. The latter, however, must be regarded as an 

 unusually late date. There are two subspecies, both of which summer in the 

 United States. 



The Purple Martin {Progne suhis subis) breeds in temperate North America, 

 north to Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, northwestern Ontario, Manitoba, and 

 Montana; west to Idaho and Arizona; south to Tepic and Vera Cruz, Mexico, 

 and to southern Florida; migrates through Central America and northern 

 South America; winters in Brazil; and occurs accidentally on the Bermuda 

 Islands and in Great Britain. 



