10 AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGY. 



localities and they cannot be applied to individuals regardless of the 

 localities in which they are found. For instance the average of a large 

 number of northern Yellow-throats has been found to be slightly larger 

 than the southern one, but it is possible to find southern birds that are 

 even larger than the northern variety; and the western Yellow-throat is 

 said to be a richer yellow, still eastern birds are often found that are as 

 bright in every respect as the western. We will give the chief differ- 

 ences as accepted by the American Ornithological Union and allow our 

 readers to satisfy themselves as to which bird they are looking at ac- 

 cording to the locality in which it is found. 



The present species is found and breeds on the south Atlantic coast 

 from the Carolinas to New Jersey and Pennsylvania. The male has 

 the forehead and cheeks black bordered behind by ashy white; the back, 

 wings, tail and sides are greenish; the throat and breast are yellow and 

 the under parts are white washed with yellow. The female and young 

 have the upper parts greenish, lack the black mask of the male, and are 

 white below washed with yellow on the throat and breast. 



WESTERN YELLOW^THROAT. 



A. O. U. No. 681a. (Geothlypis trichas occidentalis.) 



RANGE AND DESCRIPTION 



Western United States from the Plains to California and north to 

 Montana and Washington. Similar to the eastern Yellow-throat but 

 brighter, the yellow being richer and the border of the mask whiter. 



FLORIDA YELLOW.THROAT. 



A. O. U. No. 681b. (Geothlypis trichas ignota.) 



RANGE AND DESCRIPTION. 



South Atlantic and Gulf coasts from Virginia to Florida and along 

 the Gulf coast to Texas. The yellow deeper and more extended on 

 the underparts and the black mask wider, 



PACIFIC YELLOW/THROAT. 



A. O. U. No. 681c. (Geothlypis trichas arizela.) 



RANGE AND DESCRIPTION. 



Pacific coast from British Columbia to southern California. Similar 

 to the western Yellow-throat but slightly smaller and duller. 



NORTHERN YELLOW^THROAT. 



A. O. U. No. 681(1. (Geothlypis trichas brachydactyla.) 



RANGE AND DESCRIPTION. 



United States from the Mississippi Valley to the Atlantic and from 

 New Jersey north to Dakota and New Foundland. Similar to the 

 southern Yellow-throat but slightly larger with the yellow brighter and 

 more extended. 



