120 BRITISH MOLLUSKS. 



Hob. Central Europe (Bavaria). Throughout Britain. (Under stones or 

 among decayed leaves, and at the roots of grass in wet places). 



Six of the British species of Vertigo have smooth shells, merely 

 finely striated with the lines of growth ; in the remaining three the 

 shells are sculptured with raised striae. Of these V. vertigo is very 

 tumidly cylindrical and sinistral, and V. minuta is oblong-cylin- 

 drical and toothless. To Mr. Jeffreys we are indebted for the dis- 

 covery of a third strongly striated species, widely diffused through- 

 out Britain, which is of a shortly cylindrical form, dextral in growth, 

 and has from four to six small teeth in the aperture. The animal 

 is of different shades of grey, tolerably active though timid, and 

 carries its shell nearly iipright. 



Turton, Gray, and Forbes and Hanley refer this species to Mon- 

 tagu's Turbo sexdentatus, still, however, adopting Mr. Jeffreys' 

 name substriata; but Montagu particularly describes his T. sex- 

 dentatus as being a smooth shell, and I incline to agree with Mo- 

 quin-Tandon that it is Draparnaud's P. antivertigo. Mr. Jeffreys' 

 name should be preserved for the species under consideration, drop- 

 ping the auxfiiary preposition. It is not consistent to continue the 

 name " faintly striate " for a shell which it is necessary to charac- 

 terize as being " very strongly striate." 



V. striata has been collected in Bavaria, and is probably more 

 widely diffused on the Continent than is at present supposed. 



6. Vertigo pusilla. Little Vertigo. 



Shell; minute, sinistral, stoutly cylindrical, compressly umbilica- 



ted, olive-horny, semitransparent, moderately 



glossy, whorls four to five, smooth, rounded ; ^ 



aperture triangularly ovate, with from six to 



seven, rather solid teeth, lip thinly expanded. 

 Vertigo -pusilla, Muller (1774), Verm. Hist, part 2. p. 



124. 

 Helix vertigo, Gmelin (1788), Syst. Nat. p. 3664. (^ 



Pupa vertigo, Draparnaud (1801), Tail. Moll. p. 57. 

 Turbo vertigo, var., Montagu (1803), Test. Brit. p. 365. 

 Odostomia vertigo, Fleming (1814), JEdin. Mncyc. vol. vii. part 1. p. 77. 

 Vertigo heterostropha, Leach (1831), Turt. Man. p. 130. 

 Vertigo vertigo, Aleron (1837), Bidl. Soc. Phil. Perpig. vol. hi. p. 92. 

 Vertigo (Vertilla) pusilla, Moquin-Tandoii (1855), Hist. Moll. vol. ii. p. 

 409. pi. xxix. f. 12 to 14. 



