FAMILY AURICULACEA. 127 



1. Carychium minimum. Very small Carychium. 



Shell ; conically ovate, scarcely umbilicated, subdiaplianous white 

 or greenish, spire produced, whorls five to five 

 and a half, rounded, rather constricted at the ® 



sutures, smooth or obliquely very faintly stri- 

 ated ; aperture small, rather contracted, some- 

 what squarely ovate, three-toothed, a little 

 expanded. 



Carychium minimum, Muller (1774), Verm. Hist, part 2. 

 p. 125. 



Helix Carychium, Ghnelin (1788), Syst. Nat. p. 3665. 



jBulimus minimus, Bruguiere (1789), Enc. Meth. Vers, vol. i. p. 310. 



Auricula minima, Draparnaiid (1801), Tail. Moll. p. 54. 



Turbo Carychium, Montagu (1803), Test. Brit. p. 339. pi. xxii. f. 2. 



Odostomia Carychium, Fleming (1814), Edin. Encyc. vol. vii. p. 76. 



Auricula Carychium, KLees (1818), Diss. Test. Tubing, p. 30. 



Auricella Carychium, Hartmann (1821), Syst. Gast. p. 49. 



Seraphia tridentata, Eisso (1826), Nat. Hist. Europ. Merid. vol. iv. p. 84. 



Carychium, nanum, Anton (1839), Verz. Conch, p. 48. 



Carychium elongatum, A. and J. B. Villa (1841), Disp. Syst. p. 59. 



Carychium (Auricella) minimum, Moquin-Tandon (1855), Hist. Moll. 

 vol. ii. p. 413. pi. xxix. f. 15 to 26. 



Hdb. Throughout Europe. Siberia. Sicily. North Africa. (Among wet 

 moss, at the roots of grass, or under stones in wet places.) 



Authors are pretty well agreed that all the varieties of the little 

 glassy shell known throughout Britain as Carychium minimum 

 belong to one and the same species. Some specimens are smooth, 

 others are obviously finely striated, and the teeth are more con- 

 spicuously developed in some specimens than in others, while the 

 whorls vary a little in their shorter or more elongated mode of 

 convolution. M. Bourguignat describes three additional species, 

 C. tridentatum, striolatum, and Hayianum, as inhabiting France ; 

 and one is described by M. Morelet under the name Auricula 

 gracilis, as a native of Portugal. A single species was discovered 

 by Captain Hutton, in India, in Simla, and Landour, on the shady 

 side of mountains, at an elevation of 5000 to 9000 feet ; and the 

 Pupa exigua of Say (Bulimus exiguus, Binney), common in all the 

 Northern and Middle States of North America, is a Carychium. 



