162 BRITISH MOLLUSKS. 



quil waters. Mr. Jeffreys remarks while speaking of this mollusk's 

 habit of floating on the water, that "before descending to the bottom, 

 it withdraws its body into the shell, and in so doing, disengages the 

 air from its pouch, which escapes with a perceptible noise." 



4. Lymnsea palustris. Marsh Lymncea. 



Shell ; oblong-ovate, compressly umbilicated, rather solid, fuscous 



horny, purplish-brown, sometimes 



opake violet-grey, spire moderately 



produced, whorls five to six, convex, 



roughly striated in the direction of 



the lines of growth, evanescently ob- 

 scurely irregularly ridged and mal- 



leated in the opposite direction ; aper- 

 ture rather small, interior fuscous red, 



columella moderately twisted, lip ap- 



pressed over the umbilicus. 

 Buccinum palustre, Miiller (1774), Yerm. Hist, part ii. f. 131. 

 Helix 'palustris and eorvus, Gmelin (1788), Syst. Nat. p. 3658, and 3665. 

 Bidimus palustris, Bruguiere (1789), JEne. Meth. Vers, vol. i. p. 302. 

 Helix crassa, Kazoumowsky (1789), Hist. Nat. Jorat, vol. i. p. 276 (not of 



J)a Costa). 

 Helix striatula, Olivi (1792), Zool. Adriat. p. 178 (not of Linneeus nor 



Gray). 

 Limneus palustris, Draparnatid (1801), Tabl. Moll. p. 50. 

 Helix fontinalis, Donovan (1803), Brit. Shells, vol. v. p. 175. f. 2. 

 Lymnceus fuscus, 0. Pfeiffer (1821), Deutsch. Moll. vol. i. p. 92. pi. iv. f. 25. 

 Limneus communis and tinctus, Jeffreys (1830), Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xvi. 



p. 376 and 378. 

 Stagnicola communis, Leach (1831), Turt. Man. p. 142. 

 Limnophysa palustris, Fitzinger (1833), Syst. Yerz. p. 113. 

 Lymnea Yogesiaca and disjuncta, Puton (1847), Moll, des Yosges, p. 58 



and 60. 

 Lymncea eorvus, Dupuy (1849), Cat. JExt. Gall. Test. no. 195. 

 Limnaa (Lymnus) palustris, Moquin-Tandon (1855), Hist. Moll. vol. ii. 



p. 475. pi- xxxiv. f. 25 to 35. 

 Hab. Throughout Europe. Siberia. North Africa. (In shallow, muddy 



waters) . 



From its habit of living in more shallow and muddier waters than 



