rORMATIOl^-S AND FOSSILS OF SOUTH MAN-CHimiA 53 



vertical direction to the lower carina, from which they curve back- 

 ward to the umbilicus. Aperture elongated, round; umbilicus 

 small. 



The specific name is given in honor of Dr. A. W. Grabau, of 

 Peiping University in China. 



Comparisons. — This species appears to be closely related to L. 

 trochiformis Grabau, from the Machiakou limestone in Chihli, but it 

 is distinguished by a wider apical angle, presence of a lower carina, 

 and characteristic surface markings. It also resembles L. trofi- 

 dophora (Meek), an American species from the Cincinnatian, but 

 has a smaller umbilicus, and different surface markings, and the 

 whorl is more strongly developed so as to cover entirely the preced- 

 ing one. 



Formation and locality. — ^Lower Ordovician, Kangyao formation: 

 In the black banded limestones in the vicinity of Shang-kang-yao, 

 3 miles south of the Yen-tai colliery, Liao-tung. 



Holotype.—V.^.'^.M. No. 83653. 



LOPHOSPIRA KANGYAOENSIS, new species 



Plate 28, Figukes 14-17 



1930. LopJiospira morrisi Kobayashi (not Grabau), Jap. Journ. Geol. and 

 Geogr., vol. 7, nos. 3, 4, p. 87, pi. 9, fig. 6. 



Description. — Height, 11 mm ; apical angle, about 64° ; volutions 

 five, the last very large. Whorls inclosed to within a very short 

 distance of the peripheral carina; upper surface concave; lower 

 slope inclining inward; upper carina somewhat thick, close to the 

 suture. Peripheral band prominent, trilineate. The surface mark- 

 ings, which are well preserved, turn backward to the peripheral band. 



Comparisons. — This species is closely related to L. grahaui but 

 is distinguished by its smaller apical angle, the presence of an upper 

 carina, and comparatively lesser inclosing of the preceding whorl. 

 It is also closely allied to L. svminerensis Safford, an American 

 species from the upper Trenton, but has a lesser convexity of the 

 upper slope, and the upper carina and surface markings are less 

 distinct. 



Although the picture of Kobayashi's L. morrisi Grabau is too 

 poor to permit a complete understanding of its characteristics, it 

 seems to me it is completely different from Grabau's type, as it 

 has a larger apical angle and thus agrees with L. kangyaoensis. 



Formation and locality. — ^Lower Ordovician, Kangyao formation: 

 In the black banded limestones near Shang-kang-yao, 3 miles south 

 of Yen-tai, Liao-tung, Manchuria. 



Eolotype.—\J. S. N. M. No. 83654. 



