222 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. | Marcu 20, “i 
or pvoer’s rates and prison rates, constituting ‘avery jT raising the moral tone of our poor people’s habits and decorating the metropolis; baty what, 
large per pact of the ordinary social disburse- | of life, time can only show; but T affirm that. to | think of the follow at are wes, 
ments of the community. raise them while they live in mata se aces and under ‘in 85 6 alama D the number of labour : 
Seeing, then, the importance of these points it | such circumstances isim re h | Tota a population being 357; oila Cron enone i sed. thine 
will be interesting to enter somewhat fully int o| philanthropy | presented the sixth part of the, in inhabitants Sie 
ae 
their rationale. As above stated, the subject ich would do all for the labourer and nothing pecan es being shoud.) tors, fone aoe 
sents itself in a two-fold aspect—phy sical st | with him and by him—that system of nursing g sad | SoA slid: pork eho habitants. of E, that. departat 
moral |p Of La Manba 
sy bere sse. 
7 etting, so that he must be upheld by the hands Limousin there are now soareely ar any mee i: 
nee first. as to the aang gy our pee at a want of officious nurses, and guided. perpetually by centralisation of highly zo . Eaa la 
of sanitary pin gan = enr | lente. pny r part of France, the 500,000 able 
labouring perpen Take ‘on i tw There are how some things that he cannot | tion takes paso -year to renew the ranks of 
5 . thi te f itary reform | Y will easily realise the deficiency of 
potent ca of disease, damp and ha emanations fa poi himeelf and this m i er o on : y Tho, | must ensue cote ame the land 
from the putrid inita of oe As ne of edi t rtheing fa t becaus of peas Mons. TREHONN 
damp note the following eviden ” | are p engaged in furthering the "progress Y| riority of French pert ic Bene 
t is 
“Where. experienced medical src see rows: of houses | 4’ gg th To! 
zpriegin g up on é etre of deep Se tt hy clay, indif ‘the , poor miia ektra that they s0 eel Lo 
‘erently drained, they: foretell the certain a auon pearance ‘among | a a P 
the inhabitants of catarrh, rbeumatism ofula, and other | esty ke continnously 3 te p. thone ai who itiati ings is cer’ tainly a. great evil, but 
diseases, the consequence of an excess of nay, which break | property the importance of taking the initiative pita l among French a e ulu 
more extensively and in severer forms in the cottage of the |in this gre ym ogee of social reform. Aas e The ig 
out 
poor, ai have means insufficient to purchase the l “er quan- r on 
tities of fuel, or to obtain the other appliances by which t the | We kn know that sensi insist that es lack of ff: 
rich partly counteract the effects of damp’ e presence sanitary arrangement in and about 
ith 
s dampness. h c L mes o P ASD BS h 
of impurity produced by the decomposition of animal ane | 5 R ass Irene proprietors pig 
purity proc y the p sank conen ¢ | the poor is to be sry with in ace ‘a me that | that, of 30,000,000. ac aik 
vegetable matter is now as a constant concomitan 
of the excessive ravages of typhus and other epidemic diseases | 10 the country matter: ery different. It so 0 0 pt pat et » rae 
in towns, and a proportionate exemption fi such maladies | happens that the inv estiga ion of itar 2 
has marked the removal of tbe sources of bpd a ke tion. In| reformers have d on chiefly in towns so 1pp 
proportion as perfèct cleanliness has been obtained in prisons : 1854, not 6000-reached Fra 
the gaol fever has ceased to exist, japina Ba rativeexemption | = there is no of examples of houses in baai 08 iwdti impleme 
from the entire class of zymotic diseases has followed the pro- | country loealit tice s rivaling in their Bs features x BT i p: nts, 
of purification in every description of inhabitants." Peper of tha pi RG TREAT ET 6 thoron k & gigante trade, is there unkn n 
It would be an easy matter to cite proof after nati i she < tee distri 3 iz 4,000, 0002. set. apart. by Government. for a 
Pr t examy tOn. = ur rur: istricts to * b 
f that the “immediate and direct cause o sou has been y 
oy di and. 
$ isease-engenderi ovels oe its Ban 
ver,” touse the words of an eminent authority, | dering h 2 sand its eo 
i i he decom positic f 
ta 
is “the poison generated by the d ition o pas e disease, im immorality and o our | exhibitions foe Shes tad 
animal vegetable matters,” bu zint is too | | pre-existence of that agricultural pro 
well established to require detaile d proof; history, | , prin bce gi inond vivid desoription af'the is fostered by them) have been 
y epee, tinak us that tħe Renee of fever epee Hoik nn iiia wia ie Ret ons. TREHONNAIS praised the 
have always been amongst the homes of filth, and | _ n vitl t theirmuđ or wa with age or green with fangoid vegeta. | the scientific mem of France ; but t 
that the converse holds equally true, that ra | tion ; if timber, decayed ; if of slates and ‘tiles, these broken and | terms in which he described the m 
liness of homes and of persons has always acted as | | soot fr ata sa holes Bisnis indpas, aya fittings Ee ar I higher classes, and the ariting i oe 
the: best preventive of disease. The dreadful! in colour with the mud foor trod alike by ine eds and quad agricult tural relations, made m 
maladies which we _ deplore are not inevitable | meant in short, the arrangements for disease, misery, ang | pression, on his: audience 
iti f socia l eondi i | ja 1 al is road. fada Rentet ee fe to, and cot Be ge e the 
hes TOW Naes, N y ma gi 
“They are self-imposed, they are the consequences of our meen separation, so that the arrangements, for sin and Our parii iamentary aapont in intimates 
culpable ignorance, neglect, and folly. It is in our orn. | mis ery ad T ps duction last Frida ATRD” Bill for 
wer a avert oe and we know = there isa means And any ma sa me author, | collectio on of in Pat statistics, We hm, 
j see it which ig, we: 
ying ls of degradati oat oC Sd ene | Pme tolio ein iin contin 
s of degradation ;| nay yon the best. o ‘Damp, nasty, and un- vce ootan ips 
hab: bits of respect sm Tep property af others cannot 7 wnt a habitatio a d Plaag Ahen - and aperas It is aul Hig atone ~ 
pigris Hapai box set er feeble the exertions not o man t of | son’s letter was written without the idea that it 
all attempts at the eultive nofs selferes yw Be at | brute animals.” Yet such we venture to assert, are | Published ; and that we would not havo 
pce y Bg oa pi points a phe so very obvious habitations of nine-tenths.of the ploughmen the foot 0 f the Gast calorie vin the fal lowing page. wit 
else why do we so complacently of | of Scot] D RSON’S | t require one 
the evil habits of the Ss oe these uneleanliness| We prd not further take up space by going |n Bsn re ei lno n; 
of house and person, of their want of prudence, of into details as to the condition of the cottages of eck lay it dam with a Sig that their are 
the irregularities of their life and manners ? Surely | our agricultural Jounen in all our rural dis- | growing science should be thus treated, It is 
if we believed that the cireumstances under which | tricts. readers will, we i apprehend, pees to ate a series of kes rset written 
we Laer: and keep them were inducive KA a low| find much difficulty i in rapidly gainin Sy etian against each extending to two 
of morals, and that ‘virtue and vice are as perience e on this point if they fin to have it in | paepostsins to represent the composition of 
depen ia nt upon physical conditions as heak a nd | their own imme ediate. ne hood Happy t that analysed, “ae 4 en: to, be told ii, i 
disease,” and that “there is a fixed relation | hamlet in which no ea APY eripiat SE Phe: be renee = prg 
between comfort and morality,” and “a terrible | dilated on can be fo ROR f peig y po that 
sitire eanction bebyeon Ppl and pil | ho aloe tomatoe plininary fo a diaas |Een oe ta Sie p 
legradation”—if we believed all this we would at] ș the plans bd which improvement of the Tadd probably: some other oxides which. 
Jeast rera from eeni so harshly of the “ evil exiting — pedi ay be made both practicable a. aps Sar — however it. is i 
habits of the poor ;” if, indeed, such considera-| and profitabl express without knowing Dr. 
posal did not, as ST aae do, urge. w t rocess. “Again, the table says there were 
m, our power remove the causes 0 ose AN intere: ee Mie on the agricu lture of f sand, y 
evils. We whose lines are cast in pleasant places | Fr. p p entire! clay.” 2» It is ; quite clear that there 
a Ot te OE: a p Ap rance was read Al before the y € ipn hae Glasgow: to vi 
little experience to test our self-control if we think |—a cent] well š subjects: si alse called manures are 
= we Fats under iaid in which too airle have. g% ak is in 3 own eo tar The they do y like Procrustes” pa 
any of our poor are place act _differenth lect might have been expeeted ade tof fe 
mai: show amidst scenes of dith } nily andl te laea ia a ania but | Rr |n ba ay soit maese pe 
epravity t fth istia n life so oft its Statements we do n pe suppose t now val a yt “reification 
We Jari. no apology Sees essary fo fi = of ammonia 
those who have no opportunity of fending $ a opening passage relate rather to histor Ton jies fect! 
themselves, and ia do so all Bom more pendile of French pe kasna than to i ion, SMe shanti a aaa 
$ y agm sent conditi oy 
because we are convinced, in common with those; The causes of BD preot aiti of agricul- | national. school w MEAS Tad 
who have at all considered ‘the subject, Woah | tural progress in that ee — ‘then disoussed. whole oe sa shere, 1 U7 +: 0.93: E 
sanitary reform must go d in hand with, or| The fact. itself was as, thi 
st 
of a former 
Et 
E 
© 
ir E 
ee 
E 
= p 
ea 
431 
R 
everything hes a deteriorating and a depraving number peng h to the Aek ~ dp ofi food. In 1854 latte 
ncy. 1 > births b > 
m 
ri is on m i ny i 37,0¢ , 
comforts to urge upon him the dut uty. of private numbering then nearly 300,000, have. grad 
prayer. “Fiom a ministerial experience of 13] diminished, till in 1955 they were only 213; th 
ears,” says the Rey. J. PUCEKLE, incumbent: of Th his illustrates the general and average condition of} is stated that at eg contains no 0 Paeaiga 
. Mary’s, Dover, “ I am perfec otly sal y. If you refer to particular green E nnot help sayi ng hat pee psn 
connection between the sanitary and t rang 6 still more startlin sien taken It foe oe 
8 
of our poorer classes, and haye fo at ph ithout any i Tremonnais’ illustrations seem to us „(he was addressing a person utterly 
exception the worst. demoralisation in the „Worst ible. It may be true that Paris has of ns secre tha of the apa is a eh 
ł 0 niania “300,000, See ee ee a reading af 
being Wir < from the other, directly as effect.| mechanies pati ti 3 emoved: from ae trulding pistes P have poi KEA E 
from ¢ To what.extent we may succeed in| try,” and employed in en + work of RIR tthe coat ee Se hag. Sues oh aeh 
