i 07, 1858.] THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 247 
~~ ablished in a ure “a von the con- abe ‘soil from whence it has been derived. Thus] rendered far purer than it has probably been for cen 
5 of any on iety me di | turies and matter of high fertilising power rescued 
aks it liable to "deterioration, e ‘eith foot), Bro omus mollis (L op), Echium vulgare | from waste, ani at hem: aie Pys me rendered perfectly 
tiet, en ati So much is this the ease ‘that 
(Bugle have come from limestone brashes ; bat Panerai e tent PAEA Adver thre b ‘tera 
- o 
Aa in hi peut: cultivated certain | if Ra ras Aeeb arvensis (Corn Crowfoot), Alope- | ae S hen pr: sal Ia Ta pan Hertfo viä, Mr, Hi -o the 
tr r other crops so successfully | curus agrestis (Slender Foxtail), Helminthia echi- | yee r 7 ving 
of Whest fad pasta an action against the dleck o Hitchin 
asi ar established t them as favourites, not oides (Bristly Oxtongue) be present, are we l | Boar ard of Ha ealth for © infrin Bails a Ne Sega ag 
son his own farm but thr o infer clays; and again Papaver Rhoas (Red fi ertfor Merour 
may probably i in after years 1 remark rh | Po ppy), Centaurea. cyanus (Corn Flower), Hor- | eliron A rki ty Sabi! E to the 
ar Je sort now n cultivation is as it used to | deum murinum (Wall Barley), &ec., as surely | Hitchin Tut. Board ry Teal This was na at Oe brought Be Oy 
‘ A : H 3 . Higgs, 2 e for precipitatin; 
A SS eination o he evidence of ese redicate sand, and again foreign seeds may be th bho Meta OF oiie, Roan por Sante wy take 
the conclusion that they are | determined by weed admixtures. Here then in| hydrate of lime, and through which precipitation the water 
uld le y y : Skea A E 
ther the result of fashion or caprice, but |the matter of adulteration of seeds: we seem to posal aa a it Bisa a retea wer called to 
wag constantly pig” cessity. ave anew element of inquiry opened up which | prove the fringement, and also to speak to the 
is uire into the causes for age: we myse it may be well to look more particularly into in | value of the process. Mr. Bovil stated that the mtt 
ka that the following are am the e|future; but we cannot now on lude without was a chemist, carrying on sa t us ESB oar) pe 
uat ain expressing our t the great im ance | Hitchin Board of Health, in. consequence of that Board having 
ih ll eultivated crops are derivative, and therefore of the subject, and we again requ ess our friends, infringed a a I A S in ts! eas pes 
require for Pa y cular | whether seedsmen or purchasers, to fu rnish us | the lamit, examined: The date of my first letters patent 
form aren sd adherence, to with as many samples as possible.* was the 28th April, 1846. In 1849 I disclaimed part of the 
d q pater Before =. I granted a eg mek aad = ae of m; 
hich they A EE ME SBE) E eS pate nb at Ce rdiff G SB pigs for put the wi 
+ q n 4 ‘or 
Š ‘s A new ‘sam ha’ ving in operation, The ss there ascent te 5 ported Last 
trict may be recommended for ap meS in| . WE beg to call the atten tion of our readers to TE teats ‘a spencer aa tation Beal oF ee A “ath, for 
another, and will be likely t to, mncceed. where the fact that all entries of Stoc k, Implements, and | Which I received 7001. The New River aip aisteiteechhd: 
the old forms have been out pi Emag for the Cardiff. meeting next June of the ot ja oe give) ante A “about to ape ed paten t, net 
it 1s understor am receive . ve ere 
pepeons as its properties differ from gad ath and West Ao England Agricultural Society | w at Tottenham by myself and for my own benefit. 
a ose on the Ist pril. The wate tg — by my rapes Supe the refuse 
f is dried and ground into powder. for the use of agri- 
ami RA at conor ato pin eee aliipa A ton of as would oars 4 pe in addi- 
bean oh aon ing 5 tons of manure ; the ton of lime would 
ge ild examples Egh pia ots egs e guinea, and I have never sold any of this manure at a 
ti THE natur inage f a rays Toa pak aa than al. aton, so that the ton of lime would be ulti- 
or great 1 mately worth 20l. I have found a ready market for the 
m- l dra has alwa; 
of an tended prai the river Hena whoa feeders, t the Mus- 
well B 
manure. The water is not rendered absolutely pure, but is 
r. Lucas, 
from th rocesses 4 channels aed pure enough for domestic purposes. I remember Mr. of 
sree fo these processe fewer A which the greater part of the Tiquid sates found i = pe apene my kee 9 Faber eee out 
s, im cess ani ve inte ation In m; 
aro, obt ained ‘ed, | W2Y: As the evils of cesspools became Aip paca On the ath. ois ashe Sete ee fata FALDER to pele. 
they were remedie a by. the substitutio on of be we tained whether oT AT infringed. Near Grove Mill I 
q found the works of the Hitchin Board of Health. The young 
ich ‘from ae feed w system of draina ge E“ aie ch the w sewag! eae sie anes of the works showed me over a Perse — 
jeld as muc ry similar indeed to mine. The 
on ie = sewage co: wn by 
$ main sewer aheem ted, as we were ar atoia et 
be soa ch o: until the EA Si of the new arrangements upon the Lea however was | upon passing through ‘the filter it passed into tanks in’ the lim: 
cow lost sight of, and the hun dr eds of a serious, and produced loud and well founded | ing house. Hydrate of lime was there mixed with the water, 
n i as ow 
whi t 
are e foun i i 
alike—all manured to the fulle st extent, Cross-ex amined: I put the hydrate of lime or milk of 
h a proj tanks, containing the ge water. 
subject it to, a nd ‘hence by Mr. Willi iggs, of Wi er, to erect tts. milk tid lime. is always going f and mixing pra the 
Any dorising Works f his own. ` pure water flow: When the water comes 
oe to pay the penalty of gro > | Higgs’s plan had been for some months in operation at | away there ie a slight fishy dour. T ran the residuum by an 
p! 
z eç- | incline into the yard, where it is d: dried. Tt is th t 
aly in form and with liability to Aiia ESETA 5 ee wae 2 — = Ta n — pons into Eia m teenaan iiad. Tisia Sin dct 
This a ig 3 hood; i s BE Se j rdof lime bei ed ipi 
i“ ” - 
civilization. f A aini ka us oa neighbourhood ae ad likewise b adop ting agent for sewage water before my invention. knew it 
wo e I eat p. ant. ar aol d General freon v m the neighbour- | was used as a chemical test. I ap, not use it as a deodorising 
which has been in cultiva- | hood of whic fscompesing |e bnt as | ena ee: of seat oat eb 
ages, whilst the Potato is compara- | matter, vam ” sickness: and m y had prevailed, | matter in sewage wa rade ht hea patrgy E 
and yet we have by no means | both of which minhteiatly: iee btan p oth ection | is used in tanning, ae I don’t know the p ne for which it is 
multiplicity of sorts, though these | of the sewage works. The result of the enham porc the in oT pC pine reagan enim 
om few; and yet with all its ages of | Local Board’s acceptance of Higgs fer w was the | to take out the sulphuretted hy tone Byarate ot ina woes 
eeps up its vigour. For erection by him of those works which are seen from | have the effect otgeada aiamaa wage ma tent 
main ‘causes: e railway, near the Iron Bridge over the Lea ; they nothing to do with mposed matter. z Edenie with € e sewage 
ua sde eias dif bi al having been in successful operation about three years. maur ae t5 normal, condition ol re, wan ye get 
of the Pota i from tubers: The sewage in th wer is intercepted at a point | haye so for a quarter of a century. Mr. Higgs’s pr 
: i t Tof th oWh >| some 150 yards before its outfall into Muswell Brook. | was a new one, so far as my knowledge went. It was un- 
i ment o; e eat crop as | Previous the application of the deodorising and | doubted a useful and valuable invention. After sewage water 
eee Hob | precipitating process, the sewage passes through a fine | impare matters Mixing hydrate of lime with it would pre- 
R ai KEA rse- | iron grating, which detains all substances likely to im- | cipitate the impure matter previously held in solution. Fhe 
Eea ruh y k ane tem has | pede the working of the pump. The whole amount of fe dete eee TR = bo ee wee ing i 
no i $ allow e its so 
t; and if we jnas thus flows by “ee gravitation into an under- | ©. pat a quiet contains a deal of objectionable oil; 
manu | ground tank, capable o eee — gallons, nn but the the water in the other that with which the hydrate 
nt in its development, | her ods a measured quantity of milk of lime is adminis hadboen: )is iy re from impurity: “Cross- 
fter tom e- is or 
E i ape we shall find that the re- | tered; a which it is conveyed A the boti thas om E An oF hydrate of lime. I don’t think lime has 
windle both in form and quan- ), | long been known to be a precipitating agent for sewage water. 
a indeed’ has been its to be raised by an Appold’s cen trifugal pump, hrowing | I know it has been long known for the precipitation of 
certain 
minute, — cepa worked e a „small organic matter, but not all inorganic matter. It would preci- 
as bests by | high e rates pd e ica in | pitate albumen but not gelatine. "I know that ime is used, in 
ony aa moves all the pew as Caaan By sages ma in tho skin ate apg nee se by i an aa yo not used for 
e 1s m iron tanks, ea ding hat purpose. Itis to soften the sl oosen the 5 
maar to me therefore that „we should | = of 5000 gallons, which receive it in ieuerieicon:| Hr. Lush then addressed the Jury for the defene, cont 
. f ply pip The stream | anaoa wey Hes saan to this—the use of a chemical end 
suit new | of matter is directed into either tank; here it requires | tb preci ate Sonia pater from sewage water. But the pro- 
advantage, for es to rest for one hour, enh the pulpy manure being | cess at Hitchin is a very different one. The sew 
resent moment if a sound | separated from the water, which is now liccted into a tanis, wharo paprenipiin ng ee in tip tid’ 
reel oye may be let off, after | matter s wn to the bottom by its t: t 
w which a valve being the pulpy matter di ——_ af ae care is b r fil SA 
its own gravity 1 = small tank, called the deposit | The water is then allowed to pass to the met, at wages 
d lied to tl ter after it leaves the filter simply for the 
our | tank semi-fi fluid i pair raised by a machine called purpose of thi ponimus smells mitted from it.— 
asto- r. Henry Dangerield ana Tam a civil wag 
fecundity of a newly int } es ea i r 
) roduced Seen I prepared the plans for the Hitchin Local Board of Health for 
7 duke wheels, one at the ‘ottom of of the sep tank, the F of deodorising the sewage of that town. The 
and. the other at sich an ~ convenien' ent | sewage ts first ut into two tanks, where the solid matter 
through in long and | precipitates itself. The fi off through a syphon 
pass it g $ 
are | sh: | ese tanks connecting the tanks, and the ter remains. 
es, cal 
pon the p and h r passes to con 
me we confess | The pulpy matter which is put in at the upper| much you may filter sewage b mechanical means it still 
influence | end bei much too sluggish readily to find its | holds in solution a quantity of organic matter which causes 
as it was; the é ie of | level, pushes the water with which it is. but me-|2 Smell To a D inconvenience lime ıs applied 
reduc- | chanicall mixed rapidly to the lower end, n at dives! 
eer The 
ng, draini y rivi 
good tillage havetend grea an exit is provided, and it is quickly got rid- of. | its passage it goes over an old channel or pit which was made 
matters, Seat i tues My [an ett in provi i state : ae orc a Saa 
Bint hefore these works were the old channel 
e selection x Pasa) : a semi-fluid than 
i Rolit to a plastic condition, in which form it is moulded setae a dhe Fog my et the -a aN, anc eg abo t 
not however starved and i into bricks, w being dried, either by natural or | 30 feet from the deposit tank. a is applied simply fi 
l other things, te see a = ae Ain i i pee t for man: : No lime egg reid the for Frommer 4 
i reduced t a granular co’ condition in a She feos tank. nT kane eating Mr. Higgs’ sagan until 
; | ‘ll aren the best possible condition for the ane months, and my plan 
of great importance. In the | use of bo ed ate sone Or taylor, professor of’ chemistry at at ‘Gay's 
vern Valley and the ete have ady adi soe seater from the main Hospital, porn angle go eye nd 
> D: ed a change from | sewer when it has passed these works’is per- agregar yrs of process QE preci tation it 
to be of great service; | fectly clear and inoffensive; the river at Tottenham is operated as a cleanser and dooderisr. py igen used in the 
T a ss a “oS prmnesrinae | * Samples of Sainfoin, both home and foreign, are particu- walphvaretted: rok alg Theo asli in sewage matto is hing at A 
of | larly requested z quiry principally by sulphuretted hydrogen and ammonia, The lime 
