706 
med. So little, e, however, was the herbag' 
— . ‘pat d breeds of ¢ 
manuring, by liming, by marling, by guano mon than 20 stones of hay man attle im = 
and oar vessel. and by draining. pa P Tert oet ii =. Tn 1889 I again in- na meia al gatherings of TI 
e Rey . BowprrcH, whose pen = eady | Con a outa s showed —. | scription at whieh, ch a FE 
conktibeted to ‘th e Journal, gives in tock on the farm the pre iiei so muc fra bron 
his por a very F ng resumé of previous Se "airy —- cows,.which ha . Goa eher mear before a — together 
writings—those of BENNET, CAIRD, MIDDLETON, reased to e ight. It is proper to mention here that | “py. he competition men sharpened, 
and other practical men, of Lrestc, Darwin a long'series | | de good of this. cannot be tal 
Jounston, BuckMAN, and other m of science— | of years, its wetness and natural bet iveness having fall pai naturally to lead men -5 liknas.. 
on this subject a fae of mae of the | heen a bar to any attempt at converting it to tiliae: ee ate good arable lan i 
disintegration of the soil by worms,"otl injury to | The extent of the farm in question is 98 : acres. f ath eadow has little or stig in 
hay by — ial show and of other aae more | 1842 the dairy | sto ack on this farm was 24 cows, and i oo baeer thus in ba midst ofthe best ard to 
pele: aoe ees semen eee ae “tet t th ara in t Grass on the pastures. shillir regen: see ‘meadows omy maS 
are disc O consume e superabunc an , acre any n accommodation 
T N ber, 1843, I again inspected this farm. The | farm, or else tr 
Mr. Tanaro lz: Papen is mor sored of tn sts tea kapre tala been wet for sri soot and I was sorry | are undéali aly i yr where mae 
enema the om t methon Te We | to see much good herbage on the land almost ied of instead of r best ante tat 
ter bei er r]; carri o f À 
noe we ch tpasture. Hestate thal ea he ojear arei being p roperiy c r | ine ioe prod sirens i ey — pos 
after long experience and repeated failures in the | this farm; it is still in a = state from want of effici ient | paes nile — s they aretet: 
attempt to establish a pasture by folding sheep drainage, and the bones s em to have lost much of | 8 T becomi e inrpoverlshult 
year after year re ng Grass, he “‘ became | their former effect.’ : ———— of this kind naturally l 
satisfied that to graze sheep on young seeds in- Liming-—*Tn the: year. 1845 a gentleman | $° e reflect agriculturist many | 
g. ka 8 for i | 
tended for permanent pasture was a mistake, and 1 d'in small farms, spat! Sl which wep | 
that in all probability it had been of | all ning i inia: district” of Cot a e spikas e to review, such as the | 
cultivation ye | 
several jenu failures. 
Mr. THO: “I had n 
own satisfaction in laying 
but s making arule tigidly to exclud 
for one. years from newly-laid Grass during how 
season of active growth, I haye se had a failur 
Ih 
the level of the ‘sea, Booman ws hea nor its occupan 
i h 
nts 
elp one another. tie the gentle- 
e land of his ea 
B pleasing appearance, even at great cost 
o be attempted. It was ost to 
oe | 
the cor 
e old sow 
anton | 
fields of ieh the soil was strong Most of the soil la 
rect the remodeling o of 
h 
Rather nt e aie was 
ral | allowance of the hay 
seeds of the distrik: with sprinkling of Cow- 
grass and White Clover; to sow them with a cro p 
of Wheat (one of the sautcolegeind 'vazieties) ; to 
t 
done on the clay land ; and the m ial thr own ou t of 
Si drains being of a s 
o ana not return it into pre divine It was 
bject being to destroy or reduce pe 
re of the diy: we put clay and limi e to gether’ i 
mixed Rik t 
tical i vat rtan 
Now 
in order to understand tho first 
mow the first year, and as soon ay is| natu 
ved, to give a good dressing of farmyard pra ZER Matin nearly 
manure, and then for some years pasture it with that ab out 14 days were requi red. The pr t matalty seek a 
cattle, beginning for the first year or with | t altog ther | ina gie nak state. In'dae | which usuall 
young stock, until the turf is close and strong | course ppl and in a few weeks | an 
enough to bear e the tre — of cee ae be there Grasses, not only 
Pasa t(: iii of bes e compost a acted reer n lim SS sicd would have going botanical m 
. done; it has been senate, or, I might say; to some! fanists and herbalists ? Pa 
Peruvian guano per acre wi al peo a tolerable sub- 
exte! nt more effe ctive. | 
_ About 1000 tons of lime have far 
mMer sa Yes 
pras taena ig an menns equa orm 
For y-laid pasture wit 
unlens: ‘the and be of ss ry — quality 
assistance from time to time to, keep ‘it in 
to the acre, ne a oe improvement brought about 
The lime costs her 12s. per to =e It wa 
by bea and. 2} 1 In 
the 
y manure is, of course; best, but as this is 
eked 
The follo 
pr experiences rec 
On Boning 
sä 0 
ing are among 
orded by “Mr. Drxox 
Alon E—“A great improvement by 
ard 
rarely ae in T it must be |! 
the more striking, of 
of Hollenworth Hall, Cheshire, between the years 1840 
and 1843. In those three years a she me bi ex- 
pended on bones, principally boiled, a 
The 
T] fe 
above the sea; “old turf; ten citinate does not mature 
rie 
see “dro at ya Hine 
ton. We 
per 
et | received the premium of the. Society ; the more 
me had been sie 
wi obtai 
ited: extent, —_ u 
3 brought 
it no 
Ss, | occupied in 
es 
| Grasses requires, 
a science than 
r surely tues 
because, withou at 
h- those 
form the anion of a 
am 
in country oma We 
equaintance 
ink we bar me 
jat leat yare 
new Joran pag ee lead far 
pp 
ats o 
i rates $ 
an pos aet know! 
na 
applied in ouble the quantity 
lands i in low meei the bitige is not sai 
orts are given of the ae of otfier 
othe t The 
gl 
neyer more usefu a 
known the results of o 
lad to see that Mr. Drxo 
that its prize essays s sim ply deseribe the c 
corn well: re ibe x the soil —> some peaty, 
aluminous shale e; other parts a lightish ¢ grey 
soil, on asain. ay stone. It was on the latter 
description o of soil that the = effected the greatest 
e- Grass has’ som es been _ eaten ‘a and 
prone i mown for ha 
yaluable: will their influence:be. — 
THERE is no one subject connected with agricul- 
| ae or 
ee | 
the 
into . the 
crops, it wi 
asture ds. 
merits. 
one of the lea: 
| occas 
obse: 
times to be reli 
totally 
Some of the 1 meadow os rl had been face at 30s. 
bend more 
and. een a sheep, or the ‘Reding of veatile, 
pee year 184} Mr. WILLIAMSON, a ten: Sueur: 
esiding at Huxle ve miear-Térporling, expended 3741. 
bei principally pores ohacae WILLIAMSON'S 
Dr 
the cultivation of meadows and pastures: If we 
look about for a reason’ for this, we shall see that 
inte 
al st has laboured Š Ay t 
ppor principles of manure, and the R of 
nimal „foo d; the bo tanist has affo rded his | © 
species. an 
pate H shilling 
— pa 
= miles south-west 
and is about 60 abo e the sea. The whole of 
> 
fu 7 At 
of our el Crops ; Whilst the ongina 
i 
per a Mr. WILLIAMSON'S sture land REECE 
Tae aii textured kis 
se pastures was 
gin nuble~ there pee few if any 
1 Care n the second sum summer 
Ath 
machinist have within a short time 
Deeds of cattle haved in this me ri y 
igre and hke mit 
White Clover, 
Cow- oe ae marl Clover, ee Trefoil. 
0 
the manure, nor had any 
reiner siem the summer up to the 
e | pas 
y reased, 
yae science could a 
ment is gehen visible; but 
whereve 
farmer gp 
retrograded tha 
is that as arable farms require more 
i so this naturally 
hence 
y, 
onder- | 10 
‘bale en greatly observe 
improve ed, and the facilities for semi — sa e: 
ture farming er miera the same time rather might easil: 
f works ; and we 
E: Bucktey, Esq., M.P. for Newcastle, 
| period cau 
of life, and habits of those very p 
composi f 
ll be a 
undertake the amelio 
2 lan em of 
now s:methin ng of books which: ; 
on this subject, and we' "therefore? beg to 
us| the . llowing, and to add so me short 
| thei 
tx NCLAIR’S Hortus Graminer 
st expensive ae the dla 
on this subject, ye ts nomenclature 
sionally somewhat 
ions Ps habits of. plants are n 
Bri riti tib G ar is a more ex 
dra 
snficiently agricultural al f 
varie 
| ppe - not over permanenta chara 
n Grasses is now 
numbers, illus 
remarks pat S90 
digest ie ee "atu wal history 
their use 
sition of our 
far more. 
ration. of 
our 
‘ten 
stat 
at antiquated, and bi 
e very 
| farming value wagers a happy j 
renn i ; 
ual tT g 
