VOL. Yii.] DUSKY WARBLER IN ORKNEY. 221 



superciliary-stripe (from nostrils to nape) rufous-buff j paler in 

 front of eye ; ear-coverts and sides of neck same, mottled 

 dark brown ; centre of throat and belly whitish ; sides of 

 throat, breast, and under tail-coverts rufous-buff ; flanks 

 darker washed greenish-brown ; axillaries and under wing- 

 coverts bright pinkish-buff ; tail and wing-feathers dark 

 brown with the outer webs more rufous, fringed very pale 

 pinkish-buff on inner webs and narrowly fringed pale buff 

 on the outer Avebs of the outer primaries. This plumage 

 is acquired by complete moult in September or October. 

 Summer. — ^The body-feathers and inner secondaries are 

 moulted in March and April but apparently not the tail 

 and rest of the wing-feathers. Coloration as in winter. 



Nestling Down. — Unknowai. 



Juvenile. — ^Much resembhng adults but greyer on breast, 

 not so buff on flanks, eye-stripe and ear-coverts greyer, 

 not so buff. All the body-feathers of a very loose structure. 



First-winter male and female. — ^Resembling adults but more 

 j'clluwish on the centre of the throat and belly and a yellowish 

 rather than rufous tinge on the rest of the under-parts. 

 The juvenile body -feathers are moulted in August but 

 apparently not the wings and tail. Summer. — ^Tike the 

 adults and moult the same. 



Measurements and structure. — ^ wing of twelve 57-66 mm., 

 tail 44-53, tarsus 20-22, bill from skull 12-13. ? wing 

 53-61. First primary about twice primary-coverts and half 

 second primary, second between eighth and tenth (very 

 seldom so long as eighth), fourth and fifth about equal and 

 longest, third and sixth 1-3 mm. shorter, seventh 5 shorter, 

 eighth 7 shorter. Third to sixth emarginated on the outer 

 webs. Secondaries equal to the tenth primary. Bill fine ; 

 a few longish rictal bristles. 



Soft 'parts. — ^Bill : upper mandible dark brown, lower 

 yellow ; legs and feet yelloAvish-flesh ; iris dark brown. 



Characters. — The long first primary, rufous-buff eye- 

 stripe and under-parts and dark flanks are distinctive. 



H. F. WiTHEEBY. 



Habits. 



Whether the Dusky Warbler ever remains to breed 

 in any of the higher eastern Himalayas or the high 

 mountain ranges of west central China is not certain, 

 but there is, in any case, no doubt that the nest and 



