154 APPENDIX D. GEOLOGY. 



"It was impossible, with the small quantity of water, to determine the last two 

 ingredients with ah solute certainty. In the calculations following they are re- 

 garded as real. Eegarding the lime as sulphate, and the residue of sulphuric 

 acid as united with magnesia, and the chlorine as united with sodium, we have 

 the following results : 



Weight of sulphate of lime .080 



Weight of sulphate of magnesia .073 



Weight of chloride of sodium .084 



Weight of the whole 237 



Per-centage of matter in solution, about .19 



" The analysis of the water from a spring in a gypsum cave, yielded the following 



results : 



Weight of the water, in fluid ounces 4. 



Weight of the water in grammes, about 127.800 



Weight of hydro-sulphuric acid present .011 



Weight of chlorine .014 



Weight of lime _\_. .090 



Weight of sulphuric acid .227 



The residue was evaporated, and the presence, but not the weight, of magnesia, 



found separate from the soda. The quantity was very small, however. 



Soda and magnesia together, about .130 



" Eegarding the lime as sulphate, and the residue of sulphuric acid as united 



partly with magnesia and partly with soda, and the chlorine with sodium, we have 



the following results : 



Weight of sulphate of lime ' .219 



Weight of sulphate of magnesia .088(?) 



Weight of sulphate of soda .073(?) 



Weight of chloride of sodium .023 



Weight of hydro-sulphuric acid .011 



Weight of the whole .414 



Per-centage of matter in solution .82 



"The analyses of water, on account of the small quantity, cannot be relied upon 

 as perfectly accurate ; but they are the best I could make under the circum- 

 stances." 



Your account of the remarkable caflons of Red river, where it comes 

 out from the borders of the ''Llano estacado," as given in your lecture 

 before the American Geographical and Statistical Society, has been 

 read by me with great interest. For several years past I have been 

 engaged in studying analogous phenomena in this, which seems to 

 me a neglected part of geology. The canons of our southwestern 

 regions are among the most remarkable examples of erosions on the 



